化工进展2016，Vol.35Issue(8)：2406-2411,6.DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2016.08.16
生物技术在老化油处理中的研究与应用进展
Progress on aged oil treatment by biological technology
摘要
Abstract
The aged oil in treatment station and oil tank has increased dramatically as the exploitation of main domestic oilfields has entered their middle and late periods. It has become not only a waste resource and huge burden for the gathering system,but also one key factor in potential environmental pollution and safety risks if not timely treated. In this paper,we start with emulsion and sludge,the two main physical forms of aged oil,and conclude with the commonly used processes in aging oil treatment including extra electric treatment,thermal gravity settling,centrifugation separation,ultrasonic treatment,biological treatment and oxidative emulsion-three phases separation processes. We review the biological technology in aging oil demulsification through the mechanism of microbial cells and biosurfactant to achieve oil-water separation. In aging oil desulfurization,microbes directly consume sulfide compounds to reduce the sulphide content and thereby reduce the electrical conductivity, making the dehydration treatment and recovery and purification of crude oil easier. In oil sludge degradation,high hydrocarbon oils are treated by biological compost method. In oiled soil remediation,microbes degrade total petroleum hydrocarbons and PAHs to meet the landfill disposal standards after remediation of contaminated soils. Biotechnology has the advantages of low cost,low power consumption,remarkable effect and no secondary pollution,compared with some traditional physical and chemical methods,and therefore has a broad and promising development and application future. Moreover,we propose new research ideas and development directions for the oil aging process, and positively explore innovative strategies for oilfield gathering system.关键词
老化油/生物技术/破乳/脱硫/环境修复Key words
aged oil/biotechnology/demulsification/desulfurization/environmental remediation分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
孟祥娟,陈德飞,曹献平,徐海霞,陈箐,赵静..生物技术在老化油处理中的研究与应用进展[J].化工进展,2016,35(8):2406-2411,6.基金项目
大连“海创工程”、中国留学人员回国创业启动扶持计划和辽宁省“百千万人才工程”项目。 （）
