草业学报2016，Vol.25Issue(9)：28-36,9.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2016095
水氮限量供给下高产小麦品种籽粒灌浆特性及氮磷钾积累动态
Grain-filling characteristics and accumulation dynamics of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium in high-yield winter wheat cultivars under limited irrigation and nitrogen supply
摘要
Abstract
Irrigation-nitrogen regulation is one of the most important measures to increase crop yield in agricul-tural production.The two main local winter wheat cultivars,Jimai 22 and Shimai 15,were used in a field ex-periment to investigate their grain-filling characteristics and nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium accumulation dynamics under limited irrigation and nitrogen in the North China Plain.The experiment was carried out at the Wuqiao experiment station of China Agricultural University in the 2009 -2010 growth seasons.There were two irrigation treatments:W1 (spring irrigation at jointing stage)and W2 (spring irrigation at jointing and an-thesis stages);and two nitrogen fertilizer treatments:N1 (192 kg/ha)and N2 (270 kg/ha).The results showed that at the grain-filling stage the grain weight of superior and inferior spikelets for both cultivars presented a“S”variation tendency,whereas the grain-filling rate presented a parabola variation tendency.The grain weight and grain-filling rate of superior spikelets was significant higher than inferior spikelets in both cultivars.Under the same irrigation level,grain-filling durations of superior and inferior spikelets in the N1 treatment were high-er than N2 ,whereas the grain-filling rate was contrary.Under the same N level,the grain-filling durations of superior and inferior spikelets in W2 was higher than W1 .Under different irrigation and nitrogen regimes,grain weight,grain-filling rate and durations of superior and inferior spikelets of Jimai 22 were higher than Shimai 15.During the grain-filling period,grain nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium accumulation amounts present a“S”variation tendency in both cultivars.Under the same irrigation level,grain nitrogen,phosphorus and po-tassium accumulation amounts in the N2 treatment were higher than N1 .Under the same N level,grain nitro-gen,phosphorus and potassium accumulation amounts in the W2 treatment were higher than W1 .Under differ-ent irrigation and nitrogen regimes,the grain nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium accumulation amounts of Ji-mai 22 were higher than Shimai 15.The results suggest that moderate irrigation and nitrogen supply enhances the grain-filling rate of superior and inferior spikelets at the late grain-filling stage,prolongs grain-filling dura-tions,promotes balance filling of superior and inferior grains and equilibrium in the distribution of nutrient ele-ments,improves grain weight and quality,producing in sum high yield gains and efficiency.关键词
水氮限量/冬小麦/强弱势籽粒/灌浆特性/养分含量Key words
limited irrigation and nitrogen/winter wheat/superior and inferior kernel/grain filling characteris-tics/nutrient content引用本文复制引用
臧贺藏,张英华,张兴娟,曹莲,王志敏..水氮限量供给下高产小麦品种籽粒灌浆特性及氮磷钾积累动态[J].草业学报,2016,25(9):28-36,9.基金项目
公益性行业科研专项项目（201303133，201203031）和国家自然科学基金（31401297）资助。 （）
