作物学报2016，Vol.42Issue(9)：1352-1362,11.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01352
不同年代中籼水稻品种的米质及其对氮肥的响应
Grain Quality and Its Response to Nitrogen Fertilizer in Mid-seasonIndica Rice Varieties Planted in Different Decades from 1950s to 2010s
摘要
Abstract
Understanding the changes in grain quality and its response to nitrogen (N) fertilizer during the improvement of crop varieties has great significance in both crop breeding and cultivation. This study aimed to investigate the changes in grain yield and quality during the improvement of mid-seasonindica rice varieties and the effect of N fertilizer application on the quality. Twelve representative mid-season indicarice varieties (including hybrid combinations) grown in Jiangsu Province during the last 70 years were used with three N application treatments: 0 kg N ha–1 (zero N, 0N), 210 kg N ha–1 (medium amount of N, MN), and 300 kg N ha–1 (high amount of N, HN). These varieties were divided into four groups, including 1940-1950s, 1960-1970s, 1980-1990s, and 2000-2010s (super rice), according to their application times. With the variety improvement, grain yield was significantly increased, and the head rice percentage, chalkiness, ratio of length to width, amylose content, gel consistency, protein components, and rapid viscosity analyzer (RVA) pasting properties were all significantly improved. However, chalkiness for mod-ern varieties was still high. Grain yield was the highest in HN for super rice varieties, and in MN, for other varieties or no signifi- cant difference between MN and HN. With the increase in N application, protein content and chalkiness increased, taste quality decreased which was evidenced by the reduction in breakdown values and the increase in setback values. The contents of K, P, S, Ca, and Mg in the head rice decreased in HN compared with those in 0N or MN. The results demonstrate that the improvement of mid-season indicarice varieties markedly improves both grain yield and quality. Generally, increasing N fertilizer application especially up to the HN level could decrease rice quality. How to increase both grain yield and quality through optimizing N management is still a question to be studied.关键词
中籼水稻/品种改良/氮肥/产量/品质Key words
Mid-seasonindica rice/Variety improvement/Nitrogen fertilizer/Grain yield/Rice quality引用本文复制引用
陶进,钱希旸,剧成欣,刘立军,张耗,顾骏飞,王志琴,杨建昌..不同年代中籼水稻品种的米质及其对氮肥的响应[J].作物学报,2016,42(9):1352-1362,11.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31271641,31461143015,31471438),国家“十二五”科技计划项目(2014AA10A605,2013BAD07B09),江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD),江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目(KYZZ15_0364)和扬州大学高端人才支持计划(2015-1)资助。The study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271641,31461143015,31471438), the National Key Technology Support Program of China (2014AA10A605,2013BAD07B09), the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD), Innovation Research Program for Graduate Students for Higher Education of Jiangsu Province (KYZZ15_0364), and the Top Talent Supporting Program of Yangzhou University (2015-01) （31271641,31461143015,31471438）
