农业环境科学学报2016，Vol.35Issue(10)：1837-1847,11.DOI:10.11654/jaes.2016-0493
人工纳米材料吸附放射性核素的机理研究
Research on sorption mechanism of radionuclides by manufactured nanomaterials
摘要
Abstract
Manufactured nanomaterials have attracted multidisciplinary interest because of their special unique microstructures and excep-tional physicochemical properties. The nanomaterials have been applied in many areas such as aerospace, medical radiology, construction, agriculture and environmental pollution remediation, especially in radioactive waste management. This review summarizes the manufactured nanomaterials and their applications in the efficient removal of radionuclides[such as U(Ⅵ), Eu(Ⅲ), Co(Ⅱ)] from wastewater, and the main interaction mechanism are discussed from the results of kinetics analysis, thermodynamic analysis, spectroscopic techniques, surface complexation models and theoretical calculations. The high sorption of radionuclides on nanomaterials is mainly attributed to the high sur-face area and large amount of oxygen-containing functional groups, which can form strong surface complexes with radionuclides on solid particles. The sorption is mainly attributed to outer-sphere surface complexation at low pH, and dominated by inner-sphere surface com-plexation or(co)precipitation at high pH, which is also evidenced from the DFT calculations. The nanomaterials are suitable materials for the elimination of radionuclides from wastewater. However, it is necessary to carry out more research works focusing on the development of low cost, high selective and more environmental friendly functional nanomaterials in scientific interests and practical applications in future.关键词
人工纳米材料/放射性核素/吸附机理Key words
manufactured nanomaterials/radionuclides/sorption mechanism分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
杜毅,王建,王宏青,夏良树,王祥科..人工纳米材料吸附放射性核素的机理研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2016,35(10):1837-1847,11.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目（21225730，91326202，21577032）；中央高校业务费（JB2015001）；湖南省芙蓉学者项目 （）
