作物学报2016，Vol.42Issue(10)：1495-1505,11.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01495
干湿交替灌溉耦合施氮对水稻根系性状及籽粒库活性的影响
Effect of Wetting and Drying Alternative Irrigation Coupling with Nitrogen Application on Root Characteristic and Grain-sink Activity
摘要
Abstract
Soil moisture and nitrogen nutrient are the two principal factors affecting rice production. Elucidation of their coupling effects on grain yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.) has great significance for high yielding and high efficiency in production. The pur-poses of this study were to investigate the coupling effects of water and nitrogen on root traits and grain-sink activity. A field ex-periment was conducted using a mid-seasonjaponica rice cultivar of Xindao 20 with three treatments of different nitrogen levels, including 0N, MN (240 kg ha–1) and HN (360 kg ha–1), and three irrigation regimes, including submerged irrigation (0 kPa), alternate wetting and moderate drying (–20 kPa) and alternate wetting and severe drying (–40 kPa) in 2013 and 2014. There was a significant interaction between irrigation regimes and nitrogen applications, with a similar result in two years. The grain yield was the highest in the treatment of MN coupling with mild water stress due to improved seed filling rate and grain weight. In the same nitrogen level, root length, root bleeding, organic acid and Z+ZR contents in roots at main growth stages were higher in treatment of alternate wetting and moderate drying than in treatment of submerged irrigation, meanwhile activating of ATPase, sucrose syn-thase and adenosine phosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) activity in grain were also increased during grain filling period, but root-shoot ratio was lower after panicle initiation stage. The treatment of mild water stress and MN enhanced rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency, being the best water-nitrogen coupling management model in this paper. The opposite result was ob-served under the condition of alternate wetting and severe drying. Grain yield positively correlated with root length and root me-tabolism indices at main growth stages and negatively correlated with ratio of root to shoot at the stage of heading. A negative correlation was observed between root-shoot ratio and activating of ATPase, sucrose synthase and AGPase in grain, while a sig-nificant or very significant and positive correlation between root length, root metabolism traits and aboveground development. These results suggest that a good root morphology, increasing root metabolism and aboveground development capabilities through the appropriate regulation of water coupling with nitrogen application will be much more beneficial to increasing grain yield in rice.关键词
水稻/水氮耦合/产量/根系特性/籽粒库活性Key words
Rice/Water and nitrogen coupling/Yield/Root characteristic/Sink activity in grain引用本文复制引用
徐国伟,吕强,陆大克,王贺正,陈明灿..干湿交替灌溉耦合施氮对水稻根系性状及籽粒库活性的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(10):1495-1505,11.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(U1304316),江苏省作物栽培生理重点实验室开放基金项目(027388003K11009)和河南省教育厅科学技术研究重点项目(13A210266)资助。This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1304316), the Open Foundation for Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Physiology of Jiangsu Province (027388003K11009), and the Key Project for Science and Technology Research of Henan Provincial Department of Education (13A210266) （U1304316）
