作物学报2016，Vol.42Issue(10)：1506-1515,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01506
干旱区滴灌模式和种植密度对棉花生长和产量性能的影响
Effect of Drip Irrigation Pattern and Planting Density on Growth and Yield Performance of Cotton in Arid Area
摘要
Abstract
Water shortage is one of the major constraints in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) production in north-western China. A field experiment was conducted using high-yielding cotton cultivars Xinluzao 45, with two drip irrigation patterns including con-ventional drip irrigation (I500) and limited drip irrigation (I425), and three planting densities of 12×104(D12), 24×104(D24), 36×104 (D36). Leaf area index (LAI), crop growth rate (CGR), boll growth rate (BGR), net assimilation rate (NAR), yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) were determined. The results showed that, compared with I500, I425 postponed getting peak LAI and alleviated the leaf senescence after full boll stage, and increased the NAR from full flowering stage to boll opening stage signifi-cantly, which increased IWUE, on the premise of non-significant changes in seed yield. The effects of plant density on growth parameters, dry matter accumulation and yield components depended on irrigation patterns. In the treatment of I500, LAI, CGR, BGR, total dry matter weight (TDW), boll dry matter weight (BDW), boll number per area (BN) and the mass ratio of reproduc-tive organs and vegetative organs were the maximum observed under D24, and the minimum under D12. In the treatment of I425, all of the above parameters significantly increased with increasing planting density, and achieved the maximum under D36. Finally, I425D36 and I500D24 had the highest seed yield resulting from the increase of boll number per area. The seed yield and IWUE had significantly positive correlation with BN and RVR. There was a significantly positive correlation between IWUE and NAR. The reason that I425D36 enhanced the yield is the large crop growth rate, capability of dry matter production, and transportation to suc-cessive dry matter to boll from full flowering stage to full boll stage.关键词
棉花/滴灌模式/种植密度/生长参数/产量Key words
Cotton/Drip irrigation pattern/Planting density/Growth parameters/Yield引用本文复制引用
牛玉萍,陈宗奎,杨林川,罗宏海,张旺锋..干旱区滴灌模式和种植密度对棉花生长和产量性能的影响[J].作物学报,2016,42(10):1506-1515,10.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金联合基金重点项目(U1203283)和新疆生产建设兵团博士专项(2014BB009)资助。This research was supported by the Stake Key Program of Joint Founds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (U1203283) and the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps (2014BB009) （U1203283）
