作物学报2016，Vol.42Issue(10)：1530-1540,11.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01530
晚冬早春田间阶段性覆膜增温促进冬小麦产量提高
Artificial Warming from Late Winter to Early Spring by Phased Plastic Mulching Increases Grain Yield of Winter Wheat
摘要
Abstract
Low temperature from late winter to early spring is a main restraint to high yield in winter wheat production in the northern part of North China Plain. We attempted to artificially increase the temperature during this period through phased plastic film mulching. A field experiment was carried out in the 2012–2013 and 2013–2014 growing seasons with several treatments differing from artificial warming period. Compared with the normal condition (control), mulching since January 25 or February 1 resulted in 167.7–176.8°C increment of accumulated temperature from late January to early March, and mulching one week ear-lier contributed to higher accumulated temperature by 23.0–49.7°C. Wheat seedlings under artificial warming showed earlier re-vival and growth than the control. And the subsequent growth stages were prolonged for 4–10 days because of the relative lower temperature after the plastic film was removed. The earliest warming treatment was most favorable to dry matter accumulation, translocation, and yield enhancement among all treatments. Compared with the control, the earliest warming treatment with mulching increased the dry matter weight and leaf area index at anthesis stage by 18.8% and 14.7%, respectively; as well as pro-longed active photosynthetic duration by more than 10 days, and increased leaf area duration by 43.6%, spike number per hectare by 0.48–0.98 million, kernel number per spike by 3.9–4.5 kernels, and thousand-kernel weight by 2.5–5.6 g. The final yields of the earliest warming treatment were 37.5% and 18.9% higher than those of the control in the cool 2012–2013 and the warm 2013–2014 growing season, respectively, and the maturity date was five days earlier than that of control in the 2013–2014 grow- ing season. Our results indicate that artificial warming by phased mulching with plastic film is an applicable technique in wheat production in North China Plain.关键词
晚冬早春/阶段性覆膜增温/冬小麦/产量/华北平原北部Key words
Late-winter and early-spring/Artificial warming by phased plastic mulching/Winter wheat/Yield/Northern part of the North China Plain引用本文复制引用
杜雄,张维宏,张永升,曹彩云,李科江..晚冬早春田间阶段性覆膜增温促进冬小麦产量提高[J].作物学报,2016,42(10):1530-1540,11.基金项目
本研究由河北省科技支撑计划项目(14226401D),国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD07B05),国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203100)和河北省青年优秀拔尖人才专项基金资助。This study was supported by the Key Technology R&D Program of Hebei Province (14226401D), the National Key Technology R&D Pro-gram of China (2013BAD07B05), the National Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest (201203100), and the Hebei Provincial Fund for Outstanding Young Scholars （14226401D）
