气象学报2016，Vol.74Issue(5)：655-671,17.DOI:10.11676/qxxb2016.051
广东野外雷电综合观测试验十年进展
A review of lightning observation experiments during the last ten years in Guangdong
摘要
Abstract
Lightning field experiment is an important approach to understand physical processes involved in the occurrence and development of lightning as well as its disaster-causing mechanism.It is also an important way to carry out tests of lightning protection technology under real lightning electromagnetic environment.Since 2006,comprehensive lightning field observation experiments have been jointly conducted by Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences and Guangdong Meteorological Bu-reau.Research results of physical processes of artificially triggered lightning and natural lightning as well as tests of lightning protection technology are reviewed in this paper.A total of 94 flashes were successfully triggered during the ten-year period, and the maximum and average peak current of return stroke is 42 kA and 16 kA,respectively.Types and difference characteris-tics of electric field change pulse involved in the preliminary breakdown process of natural lightning are analyzed.It is found that the length of upward connecting leader initiated from tall structures can be several hundred meters or even more than 1 km, and its speed can reach up to the magnitude of 106 m/s.Great diversity is found in the attachment of downward leader and up-ward connecting leader.Tests of lightning protection technology show that the voltage on the overhead lines induced by close-distance electromagnetic wave coupling from artificially triggered lightning could be up to the magnitude of kV.Multiple return strokes,continuing current and ground potential rise are the main factors that cause damages to surge protective device (SPD). Results of performance evaluation for the Lightning Location System of Guangdong-Hongkong-Macau show that the detection efficiency of flash and stroke are 96% and 89%,respectively;the arithmetic mean value of location error is 532 m;the esti-mated value of return stroke current intensity is about 63% of the true value.关键词
雷电/野外观测试验/人工触发闪电/雷电物理过程/雷电防护Key words
Lightning/Field observation experiment/Artificially triggered lightning/Lightning physical process/Lightning protection分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
张义军,潘汉波,吕伟涛,陈绍东,郑栋,张阳,颜旭,陈绿文,董万胜,但建茹..广东野外雷电综合观测试验十年进展[J].气象学报,2016,74(5):655-671,17.基金项目
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2014CB441405）、国家自然科学基金项目（51420105011）、中国气象科学研究院基本科研业务费项目（2015Z006、2014R015）。 （）
