植物营养与肥料学报2016，Vol.22Issue(5)：1433-1440,8.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.15255
甘薯喷施烯效唑的适宜氮水平研究
Suitable nitrogen fertilizer rate for foliar spray of uniconazole in sweet potato
摘要
Abstract
Objectives]A field experiment was carried out in order to determine the optimum nitrogen (N) application rate with or without applying uniconazole for dry matter accumulation (DMA), top-root ratio(T/R), N content of above and below-ground biomass, yield, N utilization efficiency and uniconazole contribution rate (UCR) of sweat potato (Jishu22).[Methods]Using sweet potato cultivar of Jishu 22 as material, a field experiment was carried out by setting-up N treatments (N) and N-uniconazole treatments (N-U) with different N application rates in Pingyin, Shandong Province. The N rates in treatments were 0, 45, 90, 135, 180, 270 kg/hm2, recorded as N0, N1, N2, N3, N4, and N5in turn. The uniconazole application rate was 25 mg/L, using no fertilizer as control. Dry matter accumulation (DMA), N utilization efficiency and yield were recorded 85, 110 days after transplanting and during harvesting stage.[Results]1)The DMA of aboveground biomass increased with the increasing of nitrogen application rates, while the DMA in N-U treatments had no differences, except N1-U treatment. Spraying of uniconazole significantly reduced the DMA of aboveground in N3-U, N4-U and N5-U treatments. This suggested that the growth of aboveground biomass was constrained by uniconazole application. The DMA of underground biomass was significantly decreased when N application rate was higher than N2(90 kg/hm2) in both N and N-U treatments with the DMA higher in N-U treatments than that in N treatments. Significant correlation was noted between uniconazole and DMA of underground biomass in N1-U and N2-U treatments. 2) T/R ratio of N-U treatments decreased in all three growing periods, suggesting the retarded aboveground growth and accelerated underground growth by applying uniconazole. 3) Application of uniconazole increased N content of vine of Jishu22 after 85 and 110 days, while after 140 days it didn’t differ. There was a point in N content of storage root of Jishu22 between N and N-U treatments which was near the application rate of N2(90 kg/hm2), this indicated that 90 kg/hm2was the minimum application rate with the aim to increase the N concentration of storage root. 4) The highest yield was found in N1(N 45 kg/hm2) in N treatments and N2-U (N 90 kg/hm2) in N-U treatments, respectively with no further increase in yield with excessive fertilizer application. At the same N application rate, the yield was found to increase in CK-U and N0-U treatments by the application of uniconazole. 5) With increasing N application, fertilizer contribution rate (FCR) and agronomy efficiency (AE) changed following the pattern of “V” in N treatment with the highest value in N1. FCR and AE decreased in all treatments except in N2-U treatment with uniconazole. Partial factor productivity (PFP) decreased with increasing fo N application with greater PFP in N-U treatments than those in N treatments. Uniconazole contribution rate (UCR) to yield followed the order of N2> N0> CK > N4> N3> N5> N1.[Conclusion]Nitrogen application rate is the key factor regulating yield of sweet potato (Jishu22). The study suggested that the optimum N application rate was N145 kg/hm2in N treatment and N290 kg/hm2in N-U treatment. Higher yield and improved growth of aboveground and underground biomass were found after the application of uniconazole.关键词
甘薯/烯效唑/干物质积累量/产量Key words
sweet potato/uniconazole/dry matter accumulation/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马征,王学君,孙泽强,董晓霞,张立明,汪宝卿,张柏松..甘薯喷施烯效唑的适宜氮水平研究[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2016,22(5):1433-1440,8.基金项目
国家甘薯产业技术体系北方区栽培（CARS-11-B-11）；山东省农业科学院青年科研基金资助项目（2014QNM56）资助。 （）
