动物营养学报2016，Vol.28Issue(10)：3225-3237,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2016.10.026
不同类型饲粮和添加剂对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道结构和功能的影响
Effects of Different Types of Diets and Additives on Growth Performance, Gut Structure and Functions of Broilers
摘要
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of different types of diets and additives on growth performance, gut structure and functions of broilers. A 4×3 factorial randomized complete block design was used in this experiment. Four diets were antibiotic diet, none antibiotic diet, low protein diet and barely di-et, and three additives were yeast culture ( XPC) , glutamine ( Gln) , and soybean isoflavone ( ISF) , respec-tively. A total of 792 one-day old Arbor Acres broilers were divided into 12 groups with 6 replicates of 11 birds each. The trial lasted for 42 d. The result demonstrated as follows:1) different diets supplemented with XPC, Gln and ISF did not significantly influence the average daily gain ( ADG) , average daily feed intake ( ADFI) , feed/gain (F/G) and body weight (BW) of 42-day-old broilers (P>0.05). However, for the diet types, compared with the other three diets, low protein diet significantly decreased the BW, ADG and ADFI ( P<0.05), increased the F/G (P<0.05), and antibiotic diet significantly decreased the F/G of broilers (P<0.05) . For the growth performance, there was no significant interaction between diet types and additives ( P>0.05) . 2) Compared with the addition of Gln, adding ISF in antibiotic diet significantly improved ileum mor-phology of 19-day-old broilers (P<0.05); adding XPC in low protein diet significantly improved the ileum morphology of broilers compared with adding the other two additives ( P<0.05); compared with the addition of XPC, adding ISF in barely diet significantly improved the ileum morphology of 19-day-old broilers ( P<0.05) . For the ileum morphology, a significant interaction between diet types and additives was observed ( P<0.05) , except ileum crypt depth of broilers at 35 days of age. 3) Adding XPC in barely diet significantly in-creased ileum interferon-γ level of broilers at 35 days of age compared with adding Gln and ISF ( P<0.05);compared with adding ISF, adding XPC in antibiotic diet significantly increased the levels of ileum interleukin-10 ( IL-10) and immunoglobulin A ( IgA) of broilers at 19 days of age ( P<0.05) , while adding Gln signifi-cantly increased ileum IgA level of broilers at 35 days of age ( P<0.05); low protein diet supplemented with XPC significantly increased the ileum IgA level of broilers at 19 days of age compared with adding the other two additives ( P<0.05);adding ISF in none antibiotic diet significantly elevated the levels of ileum IL-10 and IgA of broilers at 35 days of age compared with adding XPC ( P<0.05); barely diet with addition of ISF sig-nificantly increased ileum IL-10 level of broilers at 35 days of age compared with adding XPC ( P<0.05) . For the levels of ileum IL-10 and IgA, a significant interaction between diet types and additives was observed ( P<0.05). 4) Adding XPC in antibiotic diet significantly decreased fecal nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) resid-ual rates of broilers at 19 days of age compared with adding the other two additives ( P<0.05);adding XPC in none antibiotic diet significantly increased fecal N and P residual rates of broilers at 19 days of age ( P<0.05) , and fecal P residual rate of broilers at 35 days of age compared with adding the other two additives ( P<0.05);low protein diet supplemented with XPC significantly decreased fecal N residual rate of broilers at 19 days of age compared with adding Gln (P<0.05); barely diet supplemented with Gln significantly decreased fecal N and P residual rates of broilers at 19 days of age compared with adding the other two additives ( P<0.05) . For N and P residual rates, a significant interaction between diet types and additives was observed (P<0.05). In conclusion, four kinds of diets supplemented with three additives respectively do not significantly affect the growth performance of broilers aged from 1 to 42 days. However, low protein diet with consistent energy to protein ratio significantly decreases the growth performance of broilers, while low protein diet with addition of XPC can improve ileum morphology. And different additives added into different diets can improve the immune states in ileum, and decrease fecal N and P residual rates of broilers in some tendency.关键词
肉仔鸡/生长性能/肠道/饲粮类型/添加剂Key words
broilers/growth performance/intestine/diet types/additives分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
廖瑞波,闫海洁,刘国华,张姝,常文环,黄向阳,刘伟,常银莲,蔡辉益..不同类型饲粮和添加剂对肉仔鸡生长性能、肠道结构和功能的影响[J].动物营养学报,2016,28(10):3225-3237,13.基金项目
国家肉仔鸡产业技术体系( CARS-42) （ CARS-42）
