烟草科技2016，Vol.49Issue(10)：1-8,8.DOI:10.16135/j.issn1002-0861.2016.0022
施肥对烤烟根际土壤酶活性及细菌群落结构的影响
Effects of fertilization on enzyme activities and bacterial community structures in rhizosphere soil of flue-cured tobacco
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the conversion and supply mechanism of soil nutrients in tobacco field, determine scientific fertilization procedure and construct healthy soil environment, a field experiment was conducted with three soil treatments: without fertilizers (CK), with chemical fertilizer (CF), with organic manure and chemical fertilizer combination (MCF). Soil enzyme activities and bacterial community structures in the rhizosphere of flue-cured tobacco were studied. The results showed that comparing with CK, there was an increment of microbial carbon and nitrogen and a stimulation of enzymatic activities including dehydrogenase, invertase and urease in the soil of MCF treatment. The numbers of OTUs of 16S rDNA in the soils of MCF, CF and CK treatments were 291, 245 and 208, respectively; which belonged to 17 bacterial phyla, such as Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, etc. There were a lot of Nitrobacter and Nitrosospira. Among 20 dominant bacteria, the abundance of Cellulomonas, Fibrobacter, Coprococcus and Enterococcus was higher in the soil of MCF treatment than that of CK treatment, which was beneficial to organic matter mineralization and organic fertilizer utilization. Comparing with CK treatment, the abundance of Desulfobacter and Nocrdioides increased, and that of Acinetobacter decreased, while Rhizobium disappeared in the rhizosphere soil of CF treatment. The uniformity index and diversity index of bacterial community in the soil of MCF treatment was significantly promoted, the dominance index significantly reduced. In conclusion, MCF treatment improved soil environment and increased bacterial biodiversity, which were helpful to inhibiting the over reproduction of pathogenic bacteria and decreasing the disease risk of tobacco plants.关键词
烤烟/根际土壤/酶活性/细菌/群落结构Key words
Flue-cured tobacco/Rhizosphere soil/Enzyme activity/Bacterium/Community structure分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘海,杜如万,赵建,吴叶宽,王勇,袁玲..施肥对烤烟根际土壤酶活性及细菌群落结构的影响[J].烟草科技,2016,49(10):1-8,8.基金项目
国家重点基础研究发展计划（973计划）项目“肥料养分持续高效利用机理与途径”(2013CB127405）；四川省凉山州烟草公司科技项目“凉山州山地原生态优质烟叶施肥体系的构建”（2013-11）；贵州省烟草公司遵义市公司项目“遵义市烟地理化及微生物性质的长期定位监测”（2015-02）。 （）
