海洋预报2016，Vol.33Issue(5)：48-60,13.DOI:10.11737/j.issn.1003-0239.2016.05.006
南极长城站近二十九年气候特征
Climatic characteristics in the past 29 years at the Great Wall Station, Antarctic
摘要
Abstract
A statistical analysis of multiple-time-scale climatic characteristics at the Great Wall Station from 1986 to 2014 were explored based on the Meteorological observation data at the Antarctic Great Wall Station, outer line of sea ice data from the Australian Antarctic Division and the Antarctic Oscillation index data from NOAA. The results showed that: the winter time temperatures at the Great Wall Station tended to increase at a rate of about 0.19℃/10 a, and had a significant positive correlation with the sea ice outer line annual trends at the northern boundary of the 59° W , while the monthly changes of the sea ice had a one-month delay comparing to the temperature. The temperature was decreasing in summers and increasing in other seasons. The prevailing winds at the Great Wall Station mainly came from northwest and southeast. From 1986 to 2014, the annual average wind speed at the Great Wall Station remained relatively stable, and had a similar tendency comparing to the number of windy days. The average wind speed in spring was large and about half gale winds came from northwest, and windy days in summer were less than that in other seasons. The annual mean surface air pressure at the Great Wall Station was decreasing;and was negatively correlated with the Antarctic Oscillation Index. The annual mean cloud amount continued to increase, and was largest when the wind came from northeast or northwest; Seasonally speaking, it was relative larger in summer and smaller in winter. The annual mean precipitation at the Great Wall station changed significantly: firstly decrease and then increase. The seasonal precipitation was the highest in autumn, followed by summer, and lowest in spring and winter; daily average precipitation was lowest with southwest wind and highest with northeast wind. Spring and summer experienced more fog days than other seasons. Days of thick fog were more than that of light fog from January to March;about two-thirds of the days of fog experienced winds from northwest and roughly half of fog appeared with the wind of Beaufort scale 3 to 4.关键词
南极/长城站/气候特征Key words
Antarctic/Great Wall Station/climatic characteristics分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
孙启振,孟上,马强,肖莺..南极长城站近二十九年气候特征[J].海洋预报,2016,33(5):48-60,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金（41206185）；南北极环境资源调查专项 （）
