林业科学2016，Vol.52Issue(10)：102-108,7.DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20161013
危害桦树的重要害虫--高山毛顶蛾（鳞翅目：毛顶蛾科）生物学特性及寄生性天敌昆虫
Biological Characteristics of Eriocrania semipurpurella alpina (Lepidoptera：Eriocraniidae) and Its Natural Enemy Parasitoids
摘要
Abstract
Objective]Eriocrania semipurpurella alpina( Lepidoptera: Eriocraniidae) is an leaf miner of birch trees, Betula spp. in Qinghai Province,China. The knowledge of the biological characteristics of E. semipurpurella alpina and its natural enemy parasitoids are important for the pest integrated control. [Method]The life history and biological characteristics of E. semipurpurella alpina were observed in Beishan Forest Farm,Huzhu County,Qinghai Province from 2011 to 2014. Overwintering cocoons of the pest were dissected under the microscope and the parasitism was recorded. The collected data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA,followed by the Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsh ( REGW) multiple Q test at α = 0. 05. [Result]The results showed that E. semipurpurella alpina had one generation per year,spinning its cocoon near the surface of soil or litter layer mainly from 3 to 6 cm,in Qinghai Province. Mature larvae began to pupate in Mid-April. The adults emerged from late April to late May,mainly from early May to Mid-May. The egg stage was 7 to 10 days. The larvae had 4 instars,lasting from late May to early July. The mature larvae emerged from the leaves and dropped to the ground up to peak at 12:00 to 15:00 every day from late June. Three parasitoid insect species of E. semipurpurella alpina were found,i. e. Grypocentrus basalis Ruthe and Lathrolestes sp. ( Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) and one species of Eulophidae. The average parasitism rates of cocoons of E. semipurpurella alpina by G. basalis were from 28. 0% to 30. 3%. The larva populations of E. semipurpurella alpina per one hundred-leaves were 206,145,101, 29 from 2011 to 2014 and significantly different among the years. [Conclusion]E. semipurpurella alpina completed one generation per year in Qinghai. The details of its biological characteristics were provided in Result section. Parasitoids exert an important control effect on E. semipurpurella alpina populations in nature.关键词
高山毛顶蛾/生物学特性/生活史/寄生性天敌Key words
Eriocrania semipurpurella alpina/biological characteristic/life history/parasitoids分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
李涛,曾汉青,盛茂领,才让旦周,周卫芬,孙淑萍..危害桦树的重要害虫--高山毛顶蛾（鳞翅目：毛顶蛾科）生物学特性及寄生性天敌昆虫[J].林业科学,2016,52(10):102-108,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31070585 （）
31310103033)。 （）
