草业学报2016，Vol.25Issue(11)：103-114,12.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2016032
冬季种养结合对稻田土壤微生物量及有效碳氮库的影响
Effects of winter green manure crops with and without chicken rearing on microbial biomass and effective carbon and nitrogen pools in a double-crop rice paddy soil
摘要
Abstract
This study examined the short term effects of the crop rotation systems known as “winter green ma-nure with double cropped rice”and “winter planting and chicken raising with double cropped rice”on paddy soil microbial biomass and dissolved organic C and N.The goal of a winter planting and chicken raising in rice double cropping systems is to return green manure and chicken manure to soils and reduce the amount of fertil-izer during the rice growing period.Five winter treatments were included:fallow (F),planting ryegrass (R), planting milk vetch (M),planting ryegrass and rearing chickens (RC),planting milk vetch and rearing chick-ens (MC).In general soil microbial biomass and dissolved organic C and N were increased significantly,com-pared to a winter fallow,by a green manure crop and further increased when chickens were also reared,al-though values were subject to dynamic seasonal fluctuation.Specifically,the maximum values for soil microbi-al biomass C were 492.22,464.91,432.34,435.48 and 378.02 mg/kg for the treatments RC,MC,R,M and F,respectively;while the corresponding maxima for microbial biomass N were 118.20,101.03,70.13,85.46 and 61.12 mg/kg,respectively.The maxima for dissolved organic N were 1001.47,926.21,832.80,870.75 and 719.86 mg/kg;and the maxima for dissolved organic C were 278.95,266.40,246.13,249.84 and 201.58 mg/kg,for RC,MC,R,M and F,respectively.The dynamics of microbial biomass C,N and dissolved organ-ic C were different at different growth stages.Microbial biomass C peaked at the transplanting,booting and filling stage of late rice.Microbial biomass N peaked at the tillering and heading stage of early rice,and the booting stage of late rice.While the dissolved organic C peaked at seedling stage of early rice and it was higher during the period of raising chickens and after chicken removal from the paddy field.In summary,compared to a winter fallow paddy field,planting green manure and raising chickens significantly increased microbial bio-mass and soil dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen,which indirectly indicates that winter manure and chicken rearing systems can improve the soil organic carbon,and soil labile organic carbon contents,as well as nitrogen levels and nitrogen mineralization rate.Plant nutrients needed by the rice crop during the rice growing season can thus be provided by a winter planting and chicken raising.关键词
冬闲稻田养鸡/绿肥/土壤微生物量碳氮/可溶性有机碳氮Key words
raise chicken in winter fallow paddy field/green manure/microbial biomass C,N/dissolved organ-ic C,N引用本文复制引用
周玲红,魏甲彬,唐先亮,成小琳,肖志祥,徐华勤,唐剑武..冬季种养结合对稻田土壤微生物量及有效碳氮库的影响[J].草业学报,2016,25(11):103-114,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金（31100382），教育部博士点基金（20134320110004）和中国博士后科学基金（2013M542115）资助。 （）
