中国水稻科学2016，Vol.30Issue(6)：611-625,15.DOI:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2016.6074
有序摆抛栽超高产栽培对水稻根系形态生理特征的影响
Effect of Ordered Transplanting and Optimized Broadcasting on Rice Root Sys-tem Morphological and Physiological Characteristics Under Super High-yielding Cultivation
摘要
Abstract
The rice root system morphological and physiological characteristics were to explore the approaches to achieve super high yield.Super rice Wuyunjing 24 and Nanjing 44 were used as experimental material and three planting methods including ordered transplanting (OT),optimized broadcasting (OB) and cast transplanting (CT) were designed to investigate the root system morphological and physiological characteristics with mechanical transplanting (MT)as control.The results were as follows:root length,number and weight of 3-hole seedlings had obvious advantages 7 d after transplanting and 2-hole seedlings had obvious advantages 1 5 d after transplanting.Root dry weight,root shoot ratio and activity of root system at each stage followed the trend of OT> OB>CT> MT,while treatments of different holes showed a trend of 2-hole>3-hole> 1-hole.And total root absorbing surface area,active absorbing area,ratio of active absorbing surface area to total absorbing surface area and root bleeding sap showed the same trend.Root dry weight,root shoot ratio,root activity,total absorbing surface area,active absorbing area,ratio of active absorbing surface area to total absorbing surface area and root bleeding sap had a very significant positive correlation with grain yield.Root at the depth of top 5 cm accounted for more than 70%,while at depth of top 10 cm accounted for more than 90%.And root dry weight,root volume and root weight density at each layer showed the trend of OT>OB>CT,2-hole>3-hole >1-hole.Root weight ratio at the depth of 5 -10 cm,10-1 5 cm and 1 5 -20 cm showed the same trend.And root dry weight at each layer was very significantly correlated with grain yield,and root at the upper layer made greater contributions to the grain yield,and the contribution rate of root to yield at the top 10 cm depth was more than 90%.And it could be concluded that,ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting rice with 2-hole seedling had quicker root growth,higher root activities and more reasonable root distribution at late growing stage which were the physiological basis for super high yield.关键词
水稻/有序摆抛/二连孔/三连孔/根系/形态生理Key words
rice/ordered transplanting and optimized broadcasting/2-hole gathered/3-hole gathered/root system/morphological and physiological characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郭保卫,许轲,张洪程,戴其根,霍中洋,魏海燕,陈厚存..有序摆抛栽超高产栽培对水稻根系形态生理特征的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2016,30(6):611-625,15.基金项目
江苏省农业自主创新基金重点项目[CX(15)1002] （15）
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303102) （农业）
江苏省高校自然科学研究面上项目(16KJB210014) （16KJB210014）
扬州大学科技创新培育基金资助项目(2015CXJ042) （2015CXJ042）
江苏省农业三新工程资助项目[SXGC(2015)325,SXGC (2014)315] （2015）
