中国全科医学2016，Vol.19Issue(36)：4461-4466,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2016.36.012
北京市西城区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病率及危险因素研究
Prevalence Rate and Risk Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Xicheng District of Beijing
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) in Xicheng District, Beijing, and explore risk factors of its occurrence , so as to facilitate early intervention and standardized diagnosis and treatment of the disease in community health service institutions .Methods From July 2014 to July 2015, stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 15 streets in Xicheng District , Beijing, and 1 125 residents were enrolled as research objects according to the constituent ratio of the population in each street in the total population of Xicheng District .The pulmonary function indices of residents were detected and the ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1 ) /forced vital capacity (FVC)that less than 70% after inhaling bronchodilators was taken as the diagnostic criterion of COPD .The questionnaires were sent toresidents for investigation.The contents of questionnaires included basic data 〔gender, age, body mass index ( BMI),educational level, annual family income per capita 〕, survival factors (smoking, using coal and biofuels, occupational dustexposure history, history of respiratory system disease , COPD family history, times of catching cold), and symptoms (cough,shortness of breath) .Results A total of 1 125 questionnaires were issued, and 904 were recovered with an effective responserate of 80.4%.Seventy -five residents were diagnosed with COPD and the prevalence rate was 8.3% (75/904) .There weresignificant differences in the prevalence of COPD in residents with different gender , age, educational degrees and annual familyincome per capita (P <0.05) .The prevalence of COPD was significantly high in residents who smoked , had used coal andbiofuels, had occupational dust exposure history , history of respiratory system disease and COPD family history (P <0.05);there was significant difference in the prevalence of COPD among residents with different times of catching cold (P <0.05).Smokers were divided into groups according to their SI (SI <200 pack -year, 200 pack -year≤SI <400 pack -year and SI≥ 400 pack -year) .The prevalence rate of COPD in smokers with SI <200 pack -year was lower than that in those with SI ≥400pack -year (P <0.05) .The prevalence of COPD was significantly high in residents with symptoms of cough and shortness ofbreath (P <0.05) .The results of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age 〔OR =1.044, 95%CI (1.014,1.074)〕, smoking 〔OR =5.485, 95%CI (2.657, 11.322)〕, using coal and biofuels 〔OR =1.731, 95%CI (1.012,2.962)〕, having occupational dust exposure history 〔OR =2.407, 95%CI (1.358, 4.267)〕and history of respiratory systemdisease 〔OR =2.455, 95%CI (1.409, 4.279)〕were the independent risk factors for residents developing COPD (P <0.05).Conclusion The prevalence rate of COPD in Xicheng District is 8.3%.Age, smoking, using coal and biofuels,having history of occupational dust exposure and of respiratory system disease are the independent risk factors for residentsdeveloping COPD.关键词
肺疾病, 慢性阻塞性/患病率/危险因素/北京Key words
Pulmonary disease , chronic obstructive/Prevalence/Risk factors/Beijing分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
陈雪,李东霞,丁静..北京市西城区慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病率及危险因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2016,19(36):4461-4466,6.基金项目
北京市卫生系统高层次卫生技术人才培养计划(2014-3-102）；西城区可持续发展项目《西城区 COPD现状分析及社区规范化管理标准的制定》(SD2013-11） （）
