作物学报2016，Vol.42Issue(12)：1817-1826,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2016.01817
贵州省高原山区杂交籼稻不同产量水平群体的特征
Characterization of Populations with Different Yield Levels inIndica Hybrid Rice in Plateau Area of Guizhou Province
摘要
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important staple food crops in Guizhou province, it is critical to ensure food safety through continually improving grain yield per unit area. In order to study the population quality characteristics of indica hybrid rice with different yield levels in Guizhou plateau mountain area, field experiments were conducted at six planting regions in 2011 and 2012. The populations with super-high-yielding (12.0-14.5 t ha–1), high-yielding (10.5-12.0 t ha–1), and medium-yielding levels (9.0-10.5 t ha–1) were obtained from super hybrid rice Jinyou 785. To study their yield, yield components, and population quality characteristics. Productive panicle number was the most important factor influencing the rice yield across planting regions and years, followed by spikelets per panicle and filled grain percentage. The correlation between yield and grain weight was not sig-nificant. Between productive panicle number and yield, the direct path coefficient was 0.5822 in 2011 and 0.7304 in 2012, the correlation coefficient was 0.7771 in 2011 and 0.8858 in 2012. There was little difference in dry matter accumulation at heading among different populations, however, a significant difference in dry matter accumulation at maturity. Compared with high-yielding rice and medium-yielding rice, the averaged dry matter accumulations of super-high-yielding rice were 7.7% and 15.9% higher, respectively. When values were averaged across years, compared with high-yielding rice and medium-yielding rice, the super-high-yielding rice had 9.7% and 21.5% higher ratio of spikelets per leaf area, 10.9% and 17.8% higher ratio of filled grains per leaf area, 4.3% and 8.4% higher grain weight per leaf area, respectively. As for the panicle size, compared with me-dium-yielding rice, both super-high-yielding and high-yielding rice had more percentage of large panicles with spikelets above 250 and less percentage of panicles with spikelets below 100. As to top four leaves, the medium-yielding rice had the longest 1st leaf and lowest 4th leaf from top, meanwhile, the super-high-yielding and high-yielding rice had the longest 2nd leaf and lowest 4th leaf from top. Therefore, increasing productive panicle number and promoting large panicle formation will be helpful to im-prove rice yield, in addition, it is also very important to ensure optimum leaf area index at heading and increase the dry matter accumulations after heading stage.关键词
杂交籼稻/不同产量/群体质量/干物质/粒叶比/穗型Key words
Indica hybrid rice/Different yield/Population quality/Dry matter/Grain leaf ratio/Panicle type引用本文复制引用
罗德强,刘正辉,王绍华,江学海,李刚华,周维佳,李敏,姬广梅,丁艳锋,凌启鸿..贵州省高原山区杂交籼稻不同产量水平群体的特征[J].作物学报,2016,42(12):1817-1826,10.基金项目
本研究由贵州省农业攻关项目[黔科合 NY 字(2014)3018],贵州省农业领域科技成果转化重点项目[黔科合成转字(2015)5021],贵州省农业科学院专项资金项目黔农科院专项[(2014)013]和黔农科院自主创新科研专项[(2014)019]资助。The study was supported by the Guizhou Province Agricultural Scientific Research Program [NY(2014)3018], the Guizhou Province Agri-cultural Science and Technology Achievements Transformation Projects [(2015)5021], the Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences Special Funds [(2014)013], and Independent Innovation Special Funds [(2014)019]。 （2014）
