中国生态农业学报2016，Vol.24Issue(12)：1722-1731,10.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160548
基于生态水文理念的流域水资源规划研究*--以子牙河为例
Water resources planning driven by eco-hydrology theorem：A case study of Ziya River basin
摘要
Abstract
Traditional water resources planning usually focuses on “blue water” in the hydrologic cycle, ignoring “green water” which accounts for over 60% of the hydrologic cycle. The method of water resources planning at watershed scale based on the concept of eco-hydrology involves a comprehensive analysis of a combined system composed of water resources, social economy and ecological environment through water consumption management to attain sustainable regional development. This paper, from the precipitation of watershed, analyzed the conversion of precipitation from “blue water” to “green water” and constructed a watershed-scale water resources planning model based on the concept of eco-hydrology that contained water resources system module, social economy system module and ecological environment system module. The computation of “green water”, which is the core module of the water resources planning model, adopted the Penman-Monteith model based on the Leaf Area Index (LAI) of MODIS remote sensing and optimized parameters based on the spatial differences of vegetation in the watershed. The “green water” computation was achieved through the transformation of water from the traditional evapotranspiration model at a single-point scale to a multiple-point scale of the watershed evapotranspiration model. Also the processes spatial and temporal variations of two key parameters, including soil evapotranspiration coefficient and vegetation stomatal conductance, were established. Finally, the model was used to simulate water resources planning in a watershed, which involving the actual water consumption by vegetation ecology, residential use, industrial production, food production and different trees/grass. By using Ziya River basin as a case study and 2008 as the reference year, the paper calibrated and verified the parameters of the model and the relative error between the monthly simulated and measured evaporation of different vegetation types (7%), which proved that the model had an acceptable simulation accuracy. By matching planting structure, water-saving irrigation regime, industrial structure, residential water use and aquaculture water use with engineering measures of the middle line of the South-to-North Water Transfer Project, the constructed water resources planning model was used to quantify different planning measures. The results showed that under 50%–75% rate of assurance, water use by natural vegetation was 8.82–7.63 billion m3, that by agriculture was 14.21–12.68 billion m3 and those by urban life, industrial production, tertiary industry and rural life were respectively 0.79, 0.26, 0.31 and 0.33 billion m3. Water consumption in Ziya River basin dropped by 1.19 billion m3 under 75% assurance rate and by 1.32 billion m3 under 50% assurance rate after the implementation of the planning measures. Agricultural production (as the largest water consumer) contributed the most to the water consumption cut, which reached 0.76 billion m3 under 75% assurance rate and 0.88 billion m3 under 50% assurance rate after using the planning measures. This was at least 60% of the total water consumption cut, indicating that the adjustment of planting structure and irrigation pattern was critical in cutting down water consumption in Ziya River basin. The results of the study provided necessary technical support for the efficient and sustainable utilization of water resources in watershed.关键词
生态水文/水资源规划/蓝水/绿水/蒸腾蒸发量/耗水量Key words
Eco-hydrology/Water resources planning/Blue water/Green water/Evapotranspiration/Water consumption分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
傅长锋,李发文,于京要..基于生态水文理念的流域水资源规划研究*--以子牙河为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2016,24(12):1722-1731,10.基金项目
河北省水利科研计划项目(HS2007-43)和国家自然科学基金项目(51579169)资助 （HS2007-43）
