山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）2016，Vol.36Issue(11)：768-773,6.
氮磷钾肥量对玉米产量及养分吸收、利用效率的影响
Effects of fertilization of NPK on maize yield,nutrients uptake and using efficiency
摘要
Abstract
Objective]In order to identify the optimum fertilizer rates for maize in cotton-wheat-maize rotation system. [Methods]Five treatments (0,75,1 50,225,300 kg/hm2 )for each N,P2 O5 ,K2 O were designed to study the effect of fertilizer rates on maize yield,nutrient uptake and fertilizer using efficiency by adopting randomized block design in fields.[Results]The results showed that with the increase of the nitrogen from 0 to 225 kg·hm-2 ,the maize yield in-creased,which reached 10 382 kg·hm-2 when the N rate was 225 kg·hm-2 ,but when the nitrogen rate exceeded 225 kg·hm-2 the maize yield decreased.The biomass and economic coefficient changed as the same trend.The N content in straws increased with the increase of the N rate,which reached 0.680% when the N rate was 300 kg·hm-2 ,and the N content of N300 was higher significantly than that of N0,N75,N1 50,but there was no significant difference between N300 and N225. The N uptake in straws changed as the same trend.The N content in grains increased firstly then de-creased with the increase of the N rate,which reached 1.224% when the N rate was 225 kg·hm-2 ,the N uptake in grains changed as the same trend,which reached 127.1 kg·hm-2 when the N rate was 225 kg·hm-2 .Phosphorus had no effects on the maize yield,biomass and economic coefficient.But P content in straws and grains increased firstly then decreased with the increase of P2 O5 rate,the P content in straws reached the most (0.187%)when the P2 O5 rate was 225 kg·hm-2 ,but for the grains it was 0.582% when the P2 O5 rate was 1 50 kg·hm-2 .The P2 O5 uptake in straws increased with the increase of P2 O5 rate,but there was no significant difference for P2 O5 uptake in grains.The potassium increased maize yield,K75,K1 50,K225 and K300 increased yield by 10.8%、12.0%、13.3%、13.4% com-pared with the K0 respectively,but there was no significant difference between treatments which applied K2 O,the bio-mass with the same trend,but the economic coefficients of different treatments changed little.The K content and the K2 O uptake in straws increased firstly then decreased with the increase of the K2 O rate,the K content and the K2 O up-take reached the most when the K2 O rate was 225 kg·hm-2 ,which was 2.352% and 21 7.4 kg·hm-2 respectively. [Conclusion]According to the maize yield,the nutrient uptake and the using efficiency,the optimum fertilizer for maize in the cotton-wheat-maize rotation system was N 225kg·hm-2 ,K2 O 75 kg·hm-2 ,without P2 O5.关键词
氮磷钾/玉米产量/养分吸收/肥料利用率Key words
Nitrogen Phosphorous Potassium/Maize yield/Nutrient content/Fertilizer using efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王树林,祁虹,王燕,张谦,冯国艺,林永增,梁青龙..氮磷钾肥量对玉米产量及养分吸收、利用效率的影响[J].山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2016,36(11):768-773,6.基金项目
科技部支撑计划“渤海粮仓科技示范工程”(2013BAD05B00) （2013BAD05B00）
