中国人口·资源与环境2016，Vol.26Issue(11)：1-9,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2016.11.001
"十三五"时期中国环境监管体制改革的形势、目标与若干建议
Prospective of and proposals for China's environmental regulation reform during 'the 13th National Five Year Plan' period
摘要
Abstract
Based on a projection of key pollutants emission in the coming decade and the requirement for state building in the long rang, this paper sets out to study the challenges and objectives of China's environmental regulation system reform during the 13th National Five Year period.To facilitate that, a conceptual framework for analyzing an environmental regulatory system is outlined which is consisted of regulatory legislation, organizational structure, distribution of regulatory powers, regulatory tools, procedures of regulation, accountability mechanism and regulatory capacity development.The 13th National Five-year Plan period is an essential period of China's ecological progress, while improving the environmental regulatory system is an important part of the efforts to construct institutions for ecological civilization.Faced with grave challenges caused by serious environmental pollution, to accelerate environmental regulation reform so as to improve effectiveness of environmental regulation is therefore one of the most important tasks of ecological progress for the next five years.This regulatory reform is a required safeguard for meeting the pollution control and emission reduction targets during the 13th Five Year Plan period.Consolidating the environmental regulation system and improving the way regulation have been implemented, and creating new tools for regulation will lay the foundation for long term and effective pollution prevention and emission reduction.This will also contribute to the improvement of China's environmental governance.According to the requirements of building a rule-of-law government for an open market economy, the goal of China's environmental regulation reform is to establish and improve a modern environmental regulatory system under the principles of legitimacy, independence, transparency, accountability, professional and specialized, consistency and credibility, and adequate capacity.To achieve that goal, reforms have to be carried out in all of following areas: special legislation, organization structure of the regulatory system, distribution of regulatory power, accountability mechanism, the regulatory process, regulatory tools and regulatory capability.This paper deliberates the rationale and presents some proposals for China's environmental regulation reform during 'the 13th National Five-year Plan' period.Major reforms need to be carried out in the following key areas: ① to speed up the pace for revising of environmental protection laws and regulations by emphasizing implementation of those laws, promote normalized and routinized enforcement of environmental laws;② to optimize the vertical and horizontal structure of environmental regulation system, strengthen the supervisory role of regulatory bodies at the regional level, and to consolidate the power and improve the capability of the central government's regulatory bodies to collect and distribute environment information;③ to optimize the organizational structure and related functions of environmental regulation agencies, establish and craft the mechanism for coordinating regulatory behaviors of different agencies;④ to establish the internal and external accountability mechanism for effectively regulating environmental regulators, so as to improve the effectiveness of environmental regulatory system;⑤ to strengthen the design of regulatory tools at the top level, pay more attention to the key part of the regulatory procedure, and introduce regulatory impact analysis;⑥ to increase the effort to develop regulatory capacity, promote professionalism and skill development, and to ensure environmental regulatory agencies at all levels to have the necessary capability for effective environmental regulation.To reform of China's environmental regulatory system will significantly contribute to the development of China's overall governance system.关键词
"十三五"/环境监管体制/形势/目标Key words
the 13th National Five Year Plan/environment regulatory system/reform/governance分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
陈健鹏,高世楫,李佐军.."十三五"时期中国环境监管体制改革的形势、目标与若干建议[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(11):1-9,9.基金项目
国务院发展研究中心2014年度重点课题"新时期中国环境监管体制研究" （）
国务院发展研究中心基础研究课题"国家治理体系与国家治理现代化". （）
