中国人口·资源与环境2016，Vol.26Issue(11)：69-75,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2016.11.009
基于能值拓展的流域生态外溢价值补偿研究——以渭河流域上游为例
Study of watershed spillover ecological value compensation based on expansion emergy:a case of Weihe Watershed Upstream
摘要
Abstract
The regional mismatch of environmental protection costs and benefits between the watershed upstream and downstream seriously affected the fairness and efficiency of the watershed overall development.Giving upstream appropriate financial compensation by downstream became an important way to solve inter-basin regional economic development imbalance and to achieve watershed sustainable development.Firstly, the paper built watershed spillover ecological value model based on expansion emergy, used emergy to reflect the social, economic and ecological function service value of watershed from the perspective of energy investment and energy level conversion, estimated watershed ecosystem service emergy by using emergy analysis method, and calculated the eco-emergy of watershed's own consumption by using water footprint method.It determined ecological profit and loss status by comparing watershed ecological system service emergy and emergy consumption itself, and transferred the spillover ecological emergy to spillover ecological value by further using the emergy-value ratio, thus obtaining a relatively objective and robust compensation standard.Then, taking Weihe watershed upstream as an example, it estimated that the spillover ecological emergy of Weihe watershed upstream was 1.16×1022sej in 2013, and it showed that watershed upstream provided ecological services for watershed downstream after deducting the ecological emergy of its own consumption, which was in a state of ecological surplus.In order to encourage the upstream areas to make more environmental protection efforts, and to achieve the fairness and efficiency of regional development and sustainable development of watershed water resources, downstream areas should pay water ecological compensation to upstream areas, and upstream should receive compensation of 1.631 billion yuan according to emergy-value ratio;compensations were further distributed according to the amount of available water resources.Dingxi and Tianshui should receive compensation 750 million yuan and 881 million yuan.Based on the results, it suggested that raising ecological protection effort level of upstream governments, optimizing water resources allocation and achieving the sustainable development of the whole watershed should be realized through increasing transfer payments for upstream areas, perfecting water resource market construction and improving watershed ecological compensation legislation.关键词
能值分析/水足迹/流域生态外溢价值/流域生态补偿Key words
emergy analysis/water footprint/watershed spillover ecological value/watershed ecological compensation分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
王奕淇,李国平..基于能值拓展的流域生态外溢价值补偿研究——以渭河流域上游为例[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(11):69-75,7.基金项目
国家社会科学基金重大项目"完善生态补偿机制研究"(批准号:12&ZD072). （批准号:12&ZD072）
