海洋科学2016，Vol.40Issue(10)：55-62,8.DOI:10.11759//hykx20150928003
北大西洋大青鲨渔业生物学初步研究
Preliminary analysis of fisheries biology of the blue shark, Prionace glauca, in the North Atlantic Ocean
摘要
Abstract
The blue shark,Prionace glauca, is usually one of the key by-catch species in tuna longline fishery. As a top species of the oceanic food chain, it plays a vital role in maintaining the stability and diversity of the marine ecosystem. However, the biological information of this shark is limited for the availability of its samples. In this study, we described and analyzed the fisheries biology of the blue shark based on a total of 2112 samples collected by China''s national tuna fisheries observers in the North Atlantic Ocean (3°~55°N, 15°~40°W). The results indicated that the dominant fork lengths of males and females were 180–220 cm and 190–230 cm, respectively, and the mean fork length of the male was significantly larger than that of the female. The female–male ratio of the captured sharks was almost 1︰1. The relation-ships between fork length and total length and pre-caudal length and total length could be described as LF= 0.8008LT + 7.3361 and LP = 0.7576LT?1.8479, respectively. The larger individuals (180–240 cm) were primarily distributed in the tropical waters (3°~13°N), while the smaller individuals (100–210 cm) were primarily captured around the Iceland wa-ters. The relationship between fork length and round weight was described as WR =7×10–6LF2.9994. The hepatosomatic in-dex (HSI) of mature individuals was obviously smaller than that of immature individuals because of the energy expendi-ture for gonad development. Among the by-catch blue shark, mature individuals were dominant comprising 96.9% in the tropical waters, while immature individuals were dominant in the Iceland waters, comprising 77.1%. Fork length at 50% maturity was 178.7 cm for females and 173.6 cm for males. The relationship of LS?LF was LS = 0.419×LF?49.7 (R2 = 0.3905), and the female–male ratio of juveniles was also almost 1︰1. Sardines and squids were predominantly found in the stomach of the blue shark. This study contributed to a better understanding of fisheries biology of the blue shark and could be useful for evaluating the shark''s resources.关键词
大青鲨(Prionaceglauca)/热带海域/冰岛海域/生物学特性Key words
Prionace glauca/tropical waters/iceland waters/biological parameters分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
高春霞,戴小杰,田思泉,吴峰..北大西洋大青鲨渔业生物学初步研究[J].海洋科学,2016,40(10):55-62,8.基金项目
上海教委高校新进教师培训及科研启动费项目(2014S10) （2014S10）
农业部远洋渔业观察员项目(08-25) Training Program and Scientific Research of New College Teacher in Shanghai, No. 2014S10 （08-25）
Scientific Observer Program of Chi-nese Distant-water Fishery, No. 08-25 （）
