智库理论与实践2016，Vol.1Issue(6)：33-41,9.DOI:10.19318/j.cnki.issn.2096-1634.2016.06.06
新世纪我国生态安全面临的新态势与对策
Challenges and Strategies for China’s Ecological Security in the New Era
摘要
Abstract
Purpose/signiifcance]In the new century, the rapid economic growth and urban expansion, the massive natural resource exploitation and natural disasters such as the Wenchuan Earthquake have caused great impact and threats to China’s ecosystems. At the same time, China has implemented several conservation policies and ecosystem restoration projects throughout the country. It is of signiifcance to identify the characteristics of ecological problems and their changes, and analyze the challenges in protection for improving the ecosystem conservation strategies and policies.[Method/process]The ecological problems and their changes between 2000 and 2010 were analyzed.[Result/conclusion] The results show that the ecological problems in China begin to transform from agriculture-induced ecological problems to the urbanization-reduced problems. Agriculture-induced ecological problems are still severe, but improving. The ecosystem quality and services are low. Soil erosion, land desertification and rocky desertification are still severe, but improved from 2000 to 2010. In contrast, urbanization-related ecological problems worsen, such as the watershed ecological destruction, the urban environment degradation, the natural coastline and wildlife habitat lost between 2000 and 2010. There are severe contradictions between conservation and economic development in China. The national ecological security is still facing serious challenges. In response to ecological problems transformation, China needs to strengthen biodiversity conservation and wildlife habitat restoration, adopt green urbanization to minimize the environmental impacts, and improve ecosystem services by river-shed restoration and ecologically sound management.关键词
生态安全/生态问题/土地退化/生境丧失/流域生态功能退化/城市人居环境恶化Key words
ecological security/ecological problems/land degradation/wildlife habitat lost/river basin ecological degradation/urban environmental deterioration分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
欧阳志云,徐卫华,肖燚,郑华,张路..新世纪我国生态安全面临的新态势与对策[J].智库理论与实践,2016,1(6):33-41,9.基金项目
本文系环境保护部、中国科学院联合组织项目“全国生态环境十年变化（2000-2010年）遥感调查评估”（项目编号STSN-04-00）研究成果之一。 （）
