作物学报2017，Vol.43Issue(1)：82-96,15.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00082
适合不同产量的环境下油菜高收获指数的产量构成因素分析
Analysis of Yield Components with High Harvest Index inBrassica napus un-der Environments Fitting Different Yield Levels
摘要
Abstract
Low harvest index is a bottleneck for further improvement of seed yield and oil production in rapeseed (Brassica napus). A total of 321B. napus accessions with normal growth and maturation at both the super high yield production area Lin-cang, Yunnan province and the major production area of the upper Yangtze River Basin, Beibei, Chongqing were chosen in this study. Variance of yield-related traits and their differences between two locations were compared, and the relationship between yield harvest index (YHI), oil production harvest index (OHI) and 17 yield component traits were also investigated by correlation and path analyses. At Yunnan, the main reasons for high yield ofB. napus were adequate illumination, big diurnal temperature difference, sufficient photosynthate, more biomass, higher number of siliques per plant and seed number per silique, especially the number of siliques on the secondary branches, which might play key roles in improvement ofB. napus yield. The silique number on the main inflorescence, primary and secondary branches was significantly and positively correlated with YHI at Chongqing, but the reverse relationship was observed between YHI and silique number on main inflorescence at Yunnan. The number of seeds per silique on the main inflorescence, primary and secondary branches at Yunnan were significantly higher than those at Chongqing, and the number of seeds per silique on the main inflorescence and primary branch showed significant or extremely significantly positive correlation with YHI and OHI simultaneously at both two cultivated areas, suggesting that sufficient accu-mulation of photosynthate and high grain filling efficiency are necessary for large number of seeds per silique. Thousand-seed weights on the main inflorescence, primary and secondary branches at Yunnan were all lower than those at Chongqing, suggesting that once the photosynthate is insufficient, the seed number per plant will decrease and partial seeds will become the priority for seed-filling inB. napus, to ensure the quality of offspring seeds. Under the high yield production condition of Yunnan, thou-sand-seed weights on three different parts showed significant or remarkably significantly positive correlation with YHI and OHI, while those at Chongqing were not, indicating that thousand-seed weight is determined by the transport capacity of photosynthate under the condition of sufficient illumination. In summary, the number of siliques on the main inflorescence and seed yield per plant are two key factors for increasing YHI under adequate illumination environment. But the composition of YHI is more com-plicated under weak illumination environment. Thus, higher YHI could be achieved when the yield components on the main in-florescence and primary branch are organic ally integrated and biological yield is restrained.关键词
油菜/收获指数/相关分析/通径分析Key words
Brassica napus/Harvest index/Correlation analysis/Path analysis引用本文复制引用
卢坤,申鸽子,梁颖,符明联,贺斌,铁琳梅,张烨,彭柳,李加纳..适合不同产量的环境下油菜高收获指数的产量构成因素分析[J].作物学报,2017,43(1):82-96,15.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(U1302266和31571701),国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划)项目(2015CB150201),高等学校学科创新引智计划(111计划)项目(B12006)和国家现代产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-13)资助。 This study was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (U1302266 and 31571701), the National Basic Research Program of China (2015CB150201), the 111 Project of Chinese Ministry of Education (B12006), and the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-13) （U1302266和31571701）
