海洋科学2016，Vol.40Issue(11)：17-27,11.DOI:10.11759/hykx20160227001
2013年我国近海赤潮引发种种类和分布研究
Species composition and distribution of red tide causative organisms in the coastal waters of China in 2013
摘要
Abstract
In this study, we analyze the species and distribution of red tide causative organisms in the coastal waters of China on the basis of statistics for the species that caused red tide events during the years 2001 to 2013 in China’s coastal waters and biological data from 1626 stations by National Marine Environmental Monitoring in 2013. Our results indicate (1) There were 60 species in a total of eight phylum organisms, including 12 toxic species that caused red tides in China’s coastal waters from 2001 to 2013. Of these, 27 species were Dinophyta and 20 were Bacillariophyta. (2) A total of 50 species of the above-mentioned red tide causative organisms were detected in 2013, and the number identified by each monitoring station ranged from 0 to 25, with the average abundance recorded by each monitoring station being between 84 cells/m3 and 1.16 × 1011 cells/m3. We found that the species number and cell abundance of the red tide causative organisms decreased from offshore to the open sea;however, both first in-creased and then decreased in the Changjiang estuary and its adjacent sea area. (3) In 2013, the species numbers in the Bohai Sea, Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and South China Sea ranged from 36 to 42, and the dominant species was Skeletonema costatum. The average abundance of the red tide causative organisms follows the order of Bohai Sea > East China Sea > South China Sea > Yellow Sea. The biodiversity index follows the order of Bohai Sea >Yellow Sea > South China Sea > East China Sea. (4) In 2013, Skeletonema costatum were distributed mainly in inshore and offshore areas; Noctiluca scintillans were distributed in coastal areas and even in open sea areas;Pro-rocentrum donghaiense were mainly distributed in the inshore and offshore areas of the East China Sea and South China Sea;and Karenia mikimotoi were distributed widely but only detected by a few stations. Mesodinium rubrum, Heterosigma akashiwo, and Akashiwo sanguinea had only a few distribution areas. These species induced red tide with high frequency during the last thirteen years. This study gave a clear picture of the species composition and distribution of red tide causative organisms in the coastal water of China, which has profound significance for the prevention, reduction, and forecast of red tides.关键词
近海海域/赤潮引发种/种类组成/空间分布Key words
Coastal waters of China/Red tide causative species/Species composition/Distribution分类
海洋科学引用本文复制引用
黄海燕,康林冲,杨翼,杨璐,刘书明,王秋璐,李潇..2013年我国近海赤潮引发种种类和分布研究[J].海洋科学,2016,40(11):17-27,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划“海洋环境安全保障‘重点专项’海洋大数据分析预报技术研发项目(2016YFC1401906) （2016YFC1401906）
中国海洋发展研究中心重大项目“渤海海洋资源开发和环境问题研究”(AOCZDA201205-1) （AOCZDA201205-1）
