排灌机械工程学报2017，Vol.35Issue(1)：42-49,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-8530.16.0102
泵站用轴流泵鱼友好型设计及鱼类存活率预测
Design and fish survival rate prediction of fish-friendly axial-flow pump for pumping stations
摘要
Abstract
A large number of fish suffer from injury and mortality when passing through a traditionally designed pumping station.In order to improve the survival rate when fish passing through the flow channels in a pumping station,fish mortality rates are predicted under various operational conditions in a conventional axial-flow pump by using a blade strike model which is with a better accuracy against experimental data.It is shown that the fish mortality rate at the design point is up to 68%theoretically in that pump.Based on this model,a fish-friendly hydraulic design approach is proposed for an axial-flow pump to have better fish survival rate,and effects of a few design parameters on the rate are ana-lyzed.It is turned out that number of blades and rotational speed are two major factors influencing blade strike probability.Because the pump head is almost twice sensitive to the rotational speed than to the number of blades,the impeller is kept having two blades to reduce the blade strike probability for fish.The chord length of blade is increased to cope with the head drop caused by reduced number of blades.To limit the axial length of pump,the increased proportion of chord length is a little bit small. The forward swept and extended leading edge can reduce strike velocity,i.e.the velocity component perpendicular to the leading edge,significantly,thus the leading edge is the primary factor affecting strike mortality rate,while the thickened leading edge is the secondary factor for the rate.However, these two factors can induce a stronger radial velocity component,causing a low hydraulic efficiency and poor cavitation performance.The fish mortality rate is all below 30%at any operating points,and the rate has been declined to 13% from initially 68% at the design point as fish passing through the fish-friendly pump,thus fish survival is remarkable.This study can provide a reference for develop-ment of fish-friendly axial-flow pump and its application in pumping stations.关键词
鱼类死亡率/传统泵站/叶片撞击模型/速度修正/鱼友好设计Key words
fish mortality ratio/traditional pumping station/blade strike model/velocity correction/fish-friendly designs分类
机械制造引用本文复制引用
潘强,施卫东,张德胜,赵睿杰..泵站用轴流泵鱼友好型设计及鱼类存活率预测[J].排灌机械工程学报,2017,35(1):42-49,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目（51479083）；江苏省产学研前瞻性联合研究项目（BY2015064－08）；江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目 （）
