草业学报2017，Vol.26Issue(1)：90-98,9.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2016070
暗紫贝母花器官特征及有性繁育系统研究
Studies of the floral organ characteristics and sexual breeding system of Fritillaria unibracteata
摘要
Abstract
To determine the flower characteristics and sexual breeding system for Fritillaria unibracteata ,a combination of field tests and microscopy examination was used to study the flower conformation and pollina-tion biology in order to provide scientific information to assist in plant breeding.This species has a single bisex-ual flower borne at the stem apex.Occasionally there are two flowers when cultivated for three years from bulbs.The immature bud is green and then turns a darker purple covered with light yellow flecks.The flower-ing period is from May to June but single flowers bloom only 6 -8 days.The bell-shaped flower has six peri-anth segments in two whorls and six apopetalous stamens within,five of which are tightly circumfused to the pistil and the other independent.The epigynous ovary has three short splits on its hairy chapiter which are se-cretory.The ovary stands higher than the stamens in the young bud,but becomes shorter in mature,open flowers.The pollen quantity,and vigor is maximal on the first day of flowering and pollen is produced for three days.The pistil stigma in a 1.5 cm long green bud was already receptive.Anther dehiscence coincided with the peak in stigma receptivity but stigma receptivity lasted longer (over 6 days)than pollen production. The flower has over 6000 pollen grains and 160 ovules in single flower,resulting in a pollen to ovule (P/O)ra-tio of 37.5.The out crossing index (OCI)was 4 according to the flower size and behavior.Pollinators included wind and a few wasps,bees,spiders and other miscellaneous insects.Our results suggest that this species should possess a sexual breeding system with partial self-compatibility,heterogamy,and required pollinators.关键词
暗紫贝母/花器官特征/花粉活力/柱头可受性/繁育系统Key words
Fritillaria unibracteata/floral organ characteristics/pollen viability/stigma receptivity/breeding system引用本文复制引用
陈垣,徐博琼,郭凤霞,白刚,张荩凤,张勇..暗紫贝母花器官特征及有性繁育系统研究[J].草业学报,2017,26(1):90-98,9.基金项目
国家自然科学地区基金（31360316和31660158），甘肃省农牧厅中药材产业科技攻关项目（GYC12-06），甘肃省财政厅农业科技示范推广项目（2130106-技术推广类），校企合作和教学研究项目资助。 （）
