农业现代化研究2017，Vol.38Issue(1)：138-144,7.DOI:10.13872/j.1000-0275.2016.0109
美国农业资源和环境保护项目运行机制及对我国的借鉴
Operating mechanism of US agricultural resource and environment protection projects and its implications to China
摘要
Abstract
It is helpful to learn from the US agricultural resource and environment protection programs for solving China’s agricultural environment problems and for promoting the sustainable development of agricultural and ecological civilization. This paper analyzed these policies in program preparing, capital allocation, program selection, and subsidy standards, especially in the operating mechanism of the protection reserve programs, environmental improvement programs and protection strengthening programs. US agricultural resource and environment protection programs include four categories: fallow, agricultural land protection, agricultural land development rights restricted, and technical assistance. A quantitative index system, including the amount of resources, resource quality, cost, performance and other factors, is established in each program. The federal government uses the system to allocate the capital and the state governments select programs and determine subsidy standards. The implementing farms of the programs are compensated by the economic stimulus, including rent subsidies, cost sharing, and incentives, to use environmental friendly production mode. Implications from these US agricultural development and environment protection programs to China includes: 1) the formation of “regulations-project-program” path to the policy system is a good choice for China to improve the policy direction; 2) establishing a database of agricultural resources, environment dynamic monitoring system, and projects implemented can improve the accuracy of policies; 3) publishing agricultural subsidy and program guidelines, strengthening third-party evaluation can improve policy transparency; and 4) economic incentives and technical services are necessary to help farmers to implement environmental protection programs.关键词
美国农业/资源环境保护/项目/运行机制/可持续发展Key words
US agriculture/resource and environment protection/project operating mechanism/sustainable development分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
李靖,孙晓明,毛翔飞..美国农业资源和环境保护项目运行机制及对我国的借鉴[J].农业现代化研究,2017,38(1):138-144,7.基金项目
农业部软科学课题（201522）。@@@@Soft Science Research Program of Ministry of Agriculture (201522) （201522）
