中国稻米2017，Vol.23Issue(1)：10-16,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-8082.2017.01.003
中熟类型甬优籼粳杂交稻组合产量优势形成及其形态生理特征
Yield Formation and Morphological and Physiological Characteristics of Medium-maturity Type of Yongyou Japonica/Indica Hybrid Rice
摘要
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to study the differences of dry matter accumulation, panicle traits, leaf morphology traits and culm traits in different types of rice varieties, using medium-maturity type of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice(Yongyou 2640, Yongyou 11640) as the material, conventional japonica rice (Zhengdao 11, Wuyungeng 30) and hybrid indica rice(Fengliangyouxi-ang 1, Xinliangyou 6380) as the control. The results were as follows: the grain yield of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice was 11.3 t/hm2, which was 6.6% and 13.0% higher than that of conventional japonica rice and hybrid indica rice, respectively. As for yield components, Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice had highest spikelets per panicle and total spikelets among the different type of rice varieties , but its 1 000-grain weight, seed setting rate and effective panicles were lower than CK. The dry matter of Yongyou japoni-ca/indica hybrid rice was 13.4 t/hm2 at heading stage and 21.6 t/hm2 at maturity stage (6.9 t/hm2 from heading to maturity), signifi-cantly higher than CK. In terms of panicle traits, Yongyou japonica/indica hybrids rice had the highest grain weight per panicle and grain density, but its panicle length was less than hybrid indica rice. The 80% grains of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice were concentrated on the middle and upper part of the panicle, while the 75%grains of conventional japonica rice were concentrated on the middle and lower part of the panicle, and the grains of hybrid indica rice distributed relatively uniform. The leaf width and rolling rate of the top-three leaves of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice were higher than CK. The top-three leaves of hybrid indica rice had medium leaf length and basic leaf angle. Drooping angle of the top-three leaves of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice were lower than CK, and the differences of the top 1 leaf and top 3 leaf were significant. The plant height, panicle height, stalk length and the proportion of neck internode to stalk length showed hybrid indica rice> Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice>conventional japonica rice. Among the different type of rice varieties, Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice had the highest dry weight of stem, sheath and per unit internode at maturity stage. The yield advantage of medium-maturity type of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice were character-ized by enough spikes and large spike, higher seed setting rate and 1 000 grain weight. The morphological and physiological charac-teristic of medium-maturity type of Yongyou japonica/indica hybrid rice were showed that grains concentrated on middle and upper part of panicle, appropriate size of top-three leaves, curled and upright leaves, moderate plant height, suitable ratio of neck internode to stalk length, and good fullness degree of stem at maturity stage.关键词
籼粳杂交稻/中熟/产量优势/干物质积累/穗部特征/叶片形态/茎秆特性Key words
japonica / indica hybrid rice/medium maturity/yield advantage/dry matter accumulation/panicle traits/leaf morphologi-cal traits/stem characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李晓芸,孟天瑶,戴其根..中熟类型甬优籼粳杂交稻组合产量优势形成及其形态生理特征[J].中国稻米,2017,23(1):10-16,7.基金项目
国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项“粮食作物精确定量栽培技术研究与示范项目”（201303102）；农业部超级稻专项（02318802013231）；宁波市重大科技项目（2013C11001）；江苏省重点研发项目 （）
