作物学报2017，Vol.43Issue(2)：238-252,15.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00238
不同小麦品种粒重和蛋白质含量的穗粒位效应分析
Effects of Spikelet and Grain Positions on Grain Weight and Protein Content of Different Wheat Varieties
摘要
Abstract
Wheat seeds are developed in a spatial-temporal order resulting in different grain weights and protein contents in dif-ferent positions of spike. Dissecting the position effect of grain weight and protein content is helpful to go into the mechanism of yield and quality formation. This study was carried out in the 2009–2010 and 2010–2011 winter wheat seasons with four varieties in three quality types. The dynamic changes of grain weight, protein accumulation and protein content were measured according to spikelet–grain position. Variations of grain weight and protein accumulation affected by spikelet–grain position were greater than those by environment (year) or genotype. Variation of protein content affected by environment was larger than that by geno-type or spikelet–grain position, however, the spikelet–grain position was the first affecting factor at maturity stage. Large-grain variety was more sensitive to environment, whereas, small-grain variety was relatively stable. During grain filling, the protein content of strong-gluten wheat was higher than that of medium-gluten wheat, and influenced greatly by filling stage and environ-ment. The single grain weight, protein content, and protein accumulation of superior grains were significantly higher than those of inferior grains during the grain-filling period, and the mid-position grains were significantly superior to the upper- and lower-position grains. However, the difference between mid- and lower-position grains became smaller with the filling process, until no significant difference for protein content at maturity stage (36 days after flowering). For each genotype or spikelet–grain position, the dynamics of single grain weight and protein accumulation showed an “S” curve (slow-fast-slow) and the dynamics of protein content showed a “V” curve (high-low-high). During the late filling stage, the supervisor grains in mid- and lower-positions, as well as inferior grains in lower-position had faster increase of protein content than grains in other positions. For grain weight, the maximum growth rate appeared at 18–21 days after flowering, and the rapid growth period appeared at 12–26 days after flowering. For grain protein, the maximum accumulation rate appeared at 21–24 days after flowering, and the fast accumulation period was from 13 to 32 days after flowering. It is concluded that moderate grain size and floret number are important for high-yield and high-quality wheat breeding, and an appropriate increase of the mid- and lower-position grains may accelerate grain-filling speed at 13–26 days after flowering.关键词
穗粒位/粒重/蛋白质含量/蛋白质积累量Key words
Spikelet-grain position/Single grain weight/Protein content/Protein accumulation引用本文复制引用
李豪圣,曹新有,宋健民,刘鹏,程敦公,刘爱峰,王灿国,刘建军,孙正娟..不同小麦品种粒重和蛋白质含量的穗粒位效应分析[J].作物学报,2017,43(2):238-252,15.基金项目
本研究由国家自然科学基金项目(31271635),山东省自主创新重大关键技术计划项目(2014GJJS0201-1),国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-03-1-8)和山东省农业科学院青年英才培养计划资助。This study was supported by the National Natural Science Founding of China (31271635), Shandong Provincial Innovation Project for Key Technologies (2014GJJS0201-1), China Agriculture Research System (CARS-03-1-8), and the Yong Talents Training Program of Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences （31271635）
