作物学报2017，Vol.43Issue(2)：253-262,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00253
测墒补灌深度对济麦22冠层光截获和荧光特性及籽粒产量的影响
Effect of Soil Depth with Supplemental Irrigation on Canopy Photosynthe-tically Active Radiation Interception and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters in Jimai 22
摘要
Abstract
Supplemental irrigation based on moisture measurement of soil is a water-saving technology newly developed in wheat cultivation, in which soil depth is one of the key factors. In this study, we conducted a field experiment with the high-yield variety Jimai 22 in Yanzhou, Shandong province in 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 winter wheat seasons to unravel the photosynthetic basis of high yield by supplemental irrigation in the proper soil layer. Four supplemental irrigation treatments (relative soil water con-tent of 70% and 75% at jointing and anthesis stage, respectively) were designed with the target soil depths of 20 cm (T20), 40 cm (T40), 60 cm (T60), and 80 cm (T80), and no irrigation and traditionally fixed irrigation (60 mm at jointing and anthesis each) were used as the controls. The indices measured were canopy photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception, canopy ap-parent photosynthesis (CAP), and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of flag leaves from 0 to 30 days after anthesis, as well as grain yield and water use efficiency (WUE). The leaf area index, PAR interception, canopy light interception rate, CAP of treat- ment T40 were 6.0%–42.4%, 8.5%–27.9%, 6.7%–14.5%, and 11.0%–14.6% higher than those of treatment T20, respectively. At the same time, the maximal quantum yield of PSII (Fv/Fm), actual efficiency of PSII (ΦPSI) of flag leaves also improved signifi-cantly. When making supplemental irrigation to 60 cm and 80 cm soil layers, the above parameters had no significant increase. The grain yield of treatment T40 was not significantly different from that of T60, T80 and fixed irrigation control. However, irri-gation amount significantly decreased by 26.9–46.9 mm, water use efficiency and irrigation benefit significantly increased by 16.2%–16.7% and 34.0%–68.1% respectively during both wheat growing seasons as compared with those of fixed irrigation con-trol. Supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture measurement in 0–40 cm soil layer is the most appropriate treatment in similar ecological conditions to this study for Jimai 22 wheat cultivar.关键词
小麦/冠层光截获/荧光特性/测墒补灌/土层深度Key words
Wheat/Canopy photosynthetically active radiation interception/Chlorophyll fluorescence parameters/Supplemental irrigation based on soil moisture measurement/Soil layers引用本文复制引用
杨传邦,于振文,张永丽,石玉..测墒补灌深度对济麦22冠层光截获和荧光特性及籽粒产量的影响[J].作物学报,2017,43(2):253-262,10.基金项目
本研究由山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2016CM34),国家自然科学基金项目(31101115)和国家现代农业产业技术体系专项(CARS-3-1-19)资助。This study was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2016CM34), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31101115), and China Agriculture Research System (CARS-3-1-19) （ZR2016CM34）
