Contents in this article has majorly drawn on the outputs of the project“Collaborative Initiative on Low Carbon Develop-ment for China and India” supported by Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation (Ref No 121100545). The seed funding for the project was provided by the United Nations Development Programme. The implementing partners include The Energy and Resources Institute, National Centre for Climate Change Strat-egy and International Cooperation, Central University of Finance and Economics, and Zhejiang University. The China component was coordinated under the guidance of the National Development and Reform Commission. The collaborative study on low carbon development for China and India is directed to-wards developing specific strategies for low carbon development&nbsp （Ref No 121100545）

in crosscutting areas such as financing, technology and innova-tion policy, and subnational initiatives. The intended outcome of the collaborative project on low carbon development for China and India is supporting policy development by facilitating southesouth cooperation, creating relevant knowledge and building capacities through exchange of experiences and ideas. Project webpage:http://www.teriin.org/projects/locci/ （）