家畜生态学报2017，Vol.38Issue(2)：52-57,6.
基于GPS和GIS技术的冬季和夏季牧场牦牛牧食行为研究
Study on Yak's Grazing Behavior in Summer and Winter Pasture Using GPS and GIS Technology
摘要
Abstract
In this study,six yaks of same age and physical conditions were selected as the research objects.The location tracking system (GPS 3300 collar) was applied with yaks for studying their grazing behavior on summer(August) and winter (April) pastures in 2014.The classification of the yak grazing behavior was cpmdicted based on the results of the Putfarken Et.The GPS data was andyzed with the single factor analysis of variance and the multiple comparison with Duncan using SPSS 19.0 software,the mean and standard error,the drawing and statistical analysis of the GPS data were separately atfained by professional soft wares (Arcgis10.0,Excel 2007).The results showed that the outside air temperature at Starting of herding (9:00,10:00) and the end of grazing (17:00,18:00) on winter pasture were all in the zone of thermoneutrality of yak which was beneficial to yak's feeding activity.The change of average daily temperature in summer pasture was higher than the zone of thermoneutrality of yak (8～14 ℃),which has a negative influence on yak's feeding activity.The Spatial distribution of yaks is diffused from center and relatively scattered between individuals on summer pasture.On the contrary,the distribution was extremely concentrated on the winter pasture.On the whole,the moving distance on the summer pasture (0.29～0.80 km)was found evidently higher than on the winter pasture(0.07～0.14 km)at different time during daytime.The peak values of moving distance on summer pasture appeared at 11:00 and 17:00 separately.However,the moving distance was the shortest at 12:00.The time distribution order of the major behavior on summer pasture was observed as grazing (504.90 min)＞walking(75.45 min)＞ rest (55.10 min,and the difference between these three behaviors was significant (P＜0.05).The rest time (355.80 min)of yak was significantly higher than grazing time (243.10 min)(P＜0.05) on winter pasture.It is concluded that the yak's grazing behavior was active at the beginning of herding and the end of grazing.In addition,there was a feediug peak during summer noon (13:00).Yak grazing behavior shows the pattern of morn-dusk activity.The activity routine was grazing-rest-ruminatirs-grazing.关键词
牦牛/牧食行为/GPS/GIS/冬季牧场/夏季牧场Key words
yak/grazing behavior/GPS/GIS/winter pasture/summer pasture分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
白彦福,侯尧宸,冯琦胜,施建军,董全民,丁路明,尚占环..基于GPS和GIS技术的冬季和夏季牧场牦牛牧食行为研究[J].家畜生态学报,2017,38(2):52-57,6.基金项目
青海省科技支撑计划项目课题(2013-N-146-3) （2013-N-146-3）
教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-13-0261) （NCET-13-0261）
