农业机械学报2017，Vol.48Issue(2)：279-287,9.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.02.037
灌水施氮方式对玉米生育期土壤NO-3-N时空分布的影响
Effects of Different Nitrogen Supply and Irrigation Methods on Spatial-temporal Distribution of Soil Nitrate Nitrogen during Maize Growth
摘要
Abstract
A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of varying supply methods of nitrogen and irrigation on dynamics and distribution of soil nitrate nitrogen during maize (Zay mays L.,cv.Gold northwestern 22) growth in Northwest China.Irrigation methods included alternate furrow irrigation (AI),fixed furrow irrigation (FI) and conventional furrow irrigation (CI).Nitrogen supply methods included alternate nitrogen supply (AN),fixed nitrogen supply (FN) and conventional nitrogen supply (CN),which were applied at each irrigation.Maize rows were established in west-east direction.Soil nitrate nitrogen content in south and north of the plant was measured in 0 ～ 100 cm soil depth (20 cm as an interval) before planting and at 6 collars,12 collars,tasseling,filling and maturity stages.The results showed that spatial-temporal distribution of soil nitrate nitrogen in south and north of the plant was influenced more by varying methods of nitrogen supply and irrigation compared with that under the plant,so did that in 0 ～40 cm soil depth compared with that in 40 ～ 100 cm.At filling stage,soil nitrate nitrogen of irrigated side was moved down to 60 ～ 100 cm soil depth for FI coupled with FN when nitrogen and water were applied within the same furrow,and that of non-water supply side was gathered in 0 ～40 cm soil depth for FI coupled with FN when nitrogen and water were applied to different furrows.Compared with CI,AI reduced soil nitrate nitrogen under the plant in 40 ～80 cm soil depth by 9.9％ ～ 14.4％ for different nitrogen supply methods.Compared with the other treatments,AI coupled with CN or AN maintained soil nitrate nitrogen in 0 ～40 cm soil depth for a longer time during maize growth.Soil residual nitrate nitrogen in 0 ～ 100 cm soil depth at harvest was comparable between AI coupled with CN and AI coupled with AN,and the residual of them was reduced by 11.7％ ～ 27.3％ compared with those of the other treatments.Therefore,alternate furrow irrigation coupled with conventional or alternate nitrogen supply brought a relatively reasonable spatial-temporal distribution of soil nitrate nitrogen during maize growth,and lowered soil residual nitrate nitrogen at harvest.关键词
玉米/灌水方式/施氮方式/土壤NO-3-N/时空分布Key words
maize/irrigation method/nitrogen supply method/soil nitrate nitrogen/spatial-temporal distribution分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
漆栋良,胡田田..灌水施氮方式对玉米生育期土壤NO-3-N时空分布的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(2):279-287,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(51079124)、国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2011AA100504)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项(QN2011067) （51079124）
