中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(3)：328-336,9.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160833
华北平原主要种植模式农业地下水足迹研究——以河北省吴桥县为例
Agricultural groundwater footprint of the major cropping system in the North China Plain: A case study of Wuqiao County, Hebei Province
摘要
Abstract
As a newly developed concept and research method for water footprint studies in recent years, groundwater footprint (GF) could be used to evaluate potential use of renewable groundwater to increase agricultural production or in combination with water footprint and virtual water calculations. The GF method was used to analyze the groundwater resources utilization in agriculture and to assess the environmental impacts in wheat-maize crop rotation system at Wuqiao Experiment Station — a traditional region where wheat-maize crop rotation is practiced in the North China Plain. This study was based on the latest developments in theories and methods of GF in combination with agricultural practices. In addition, GFs of crops were calculated at county scale, and the impact of the different crops on GF analyzed for Wuqiao County in Hebei Province. The results showed that since 1949, GF of winter wheat was higher than that of summer maize, with respective mean values of 89.02 km2 and 29.84 km2 for Wuqiao County. Also based on the trend of change, GF of winter wheat and summer maize had an increasing trend of fluctuation. In terms of GF stress index (GF per unit area, GF/Aaq) for the crops, winter wheat basically had a moderate stress (0.1 < GF/Aaq < 1) and the stress index for summer maize was less (0.01 < GF/Aaq < 0.1) for most the years, which increased for recent years. Thus if reasonable measures were not taken to control cultivation, GF would increase and have a significant impact on the balance of water circulation in regional environmental system in the coming years. This would put considerable pressure on groundwater resources to meet water needs of crops in Wuqiao County. The research suggested that to reduce groundwater pressure and ensure effective restoration of groundwater resources, the traditional wheat-maize cropping system could be adjusted through the cultivation of peanut and potato, whose GFs were 2.08×10-7 km2·m-2 and 1.94×10-7 km2·m-2, around 40% and 58% less than that of winter wheat. Thus through the exploration of GF, cropping structure in Wuqiao County could be adjusted or the area of crop rotation between low water-consumption crops and staple grain crops could be increased to enhance the use of water-saving technologies and improvement of water-saving measures. The study showed that GF analysis had the potential for application in agricultural research. It was concluded that in future, basic GF research should be enhanced and GF parameter database construction at various scales and for various crops were required to provide a solid basis for research on sustainable use of groundwater resources and the development of sound government policies.关键词
冬小麦-夏玉米复种/地下水足迹/地下水足迹胁迫指数/种植结构/华北平原Key words
Winter wheat and summer maize rotation/Groundwater footprint/Groundwater footprint stress index/Plantation structure/North China Plain分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
张凯,周婕,赵杰,裴宽,王志敏,胡跃高,曾昭海..华北平原主要种植模式农业地下水足迹研究——以河北省吴桥县为例[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(3):328-336,9.基金项目
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503121-11)、国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300205-01)和河北省科技攻关项目(14227008D)资助 Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (201503121-11), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0300205-01) and the Key Technologies R&D Program of Hebei Province of China (14227008D) （农业）
