中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(3)：356-364,9.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160822
种植密度对川中丘陵夏玉米茎秆性状及产量的影响
Effect of planting density on stem characteristics and yield of summer maize in the Hilly Central Sichuan Basin, China
摘要
Abstract
Increasing planting density has been one of the most common ways of increasing maize yield. In order to determine the proper planting density of maize in Hilly Central Sichuan Basin (HCSB) in China, an experiment involving 5 planting densities (4.50×104, 5.25×104, 6.00×104, 6.75×104 and 7.50×104 plant·hm-2) of maize were conducted. The effects of planting density on stalk characteristics and yield of summer maize cultivar 'Zhenghong-505' were investigated. The results showed that plant height, ear height, internode length, length-to-diameter ratio of internode increased with increasing planting density. Also stem diameter, stem diameter coefficient, internode dry weight, internode dry matter weight to length ratio, stalk crushing strength (SCS) and rind penetration strength (RPS) decreased with increasing planting density. There were significant differences the traits except ear height among different planting densities. Compared with planting density of 4.50×104 plant·hm-2, RPS of the 1st, 3rd and 5th internodes reduced significantly respectively by 27.10%, 22.78% and 30.80% under planting density of 7.50×104 plant·hm-2. Maize yield increased at first and then decreased with increasing planting density, with a maximum yield under 6.00×104 plant·hm-2. There was a significant increase in yield (12.02%) under planting density of 6.00×104 plant·hm-2 compared with yield under planting density of 4.50×104 plant·hm-2. Corncob length, corncob diameter, spike rate, kernel per spike and 1000-seed weight significantly (P < 0.05) decreased with increasing planting density, while the effective panicle and barren tip length significantly increased. Correlation analysis indicated that SCS was significantly positively correlated with RPS (r= 0.93**). Moreover, SCS and RPS had significantly or extremely significant positive correlation with stem diameter, stem diameter coefficient, internode diameter, internode dry weight and internode dry matter weight to length ratio. SCS and RPS had significantly or extremely significant negative correlation with plant height, internode length and length to diameter ratio. A stronger correlation was found between stalk agronomic trait and SCS. Yield per plant had significant or extremely significant positive correlation with stem diameter, stem diameter coefficient, internode diameter, internode dry weight, internode dry matter weight to length ratio, SCS and RPS. It then had significant negative correlation with internode length and length to diameter ratio. Stepwise regression analysis suggested that stem diameter coefficient and internode dry matter weight to length ratio had the most significant influence on SCS. It was concluded that planting density was the primary factor influencing maize stalk characteristics and yield. An appropriate increase in planting density significantly increased maize yield. Then stem diameter coefficient and internode dry matter weight to length ratio were important agronomic indexes for evaluating lodging resistance of maize stalk.关键词
夏玉米/密度/茎秆性状/抗倒伏能力/产量/川中丘陵Key words
Summer maize/Planting density/Stalk characteristics/Lodging resistant ability/Yield/Hilly Central Sichuan Basin分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘晓林,马晓君,豆攀,黄科程,王兴龙,张頔,孔凡磊,袁继超..种植密度对川中丘陵夏玉米茎秆性状及产量的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(3):356-364,9.基金项目
国家粮食丰产科技工程(2012BAD04B13)及公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20150312705)资助 Supported by the National Food Science and Technology Project of China (2012BAD04B13) and the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of China (20150312705) （2012BAD04B13）
