作物学报2017，Vol.43Issue(3)：420-431,12.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.00420
氮肥运筹对钵苗机插优质食味水稻产量及品质的影响
Effect of Nitrogen Application Regime on Yield and Quality of Mechanical Pot-seedlings Transplanting Rice with Good Taste Quality
摘要
Abstract
Two rice cultivars with good taste quality in Jiangsu, Nanjing 9108 and Nanjing 5055, were adopted in mechanical transplantion with pot-seedlings which was a new cultivation technique. The total amount of nitrogen applied in each treatment was 270 kg ha–1 with different ratios of basal-tillering-fertilizer to panicle-fertilizer, including 10:0, 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4, 5:5, and 4:6. The effects of the nitrogen application strategies on yield and grain quality were studied and the suitable method of nitrogen application was also determined. It was found that the rice yield was highest in the treatment of 6:4. The brown rice rate, milled rice rate and head milled rice rate gradually increased with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer. Amylose content and gel consistency of grain gradually reduced with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer, however, there was an opposite change trend in protein content, the more late nitrogen applied, the larger protein content would be. Chalkiness percentage and chalkiness degree of two cultivars increased at first and then decreased with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer, and the treatment of 6:4 was significantly higher than other treatments. However, the chalkiness area gradually increased with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer. It also found that, with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer, the aroma, gloss, taste, mouthfeel and comprehensive indi-ces decreased while integrity increased. The peak viscosity, trough viscosity, final viscosity and breakdown value in different treatments all gradually decreased with decreasing the application percentage of basal-tillering fertilizer, but the setback value increased. In general, the treatment with the ratio of basal-tillering-fertilizer to panicle-fertilizer of 6:4 can significantly increase the yield of mechanical transplanting good taste quality rice with pot-seedlings. An appropriate increase in the proportion of pani-cle-fertilizer can improve processing quality and nutritional quality of rice, also increase the kernel length and kernel width of grain, but deteriorate the appearance quality and eating quality of rice.关键词
氮肥运筹/钵苗机插/优质食味水稻/产量/稻米品质Key words
Nitrogen application/Mechanical transplanting with pot-seedlings/Good taste quality rice/Yield/Rice quality引用本文复制引用
胡群,夏敏,张洪程,曹利强,郭保卫,魏海燕,陈厚存,韩宝富..氮肥运筹对钵苗机插优质食味水稻产量及品质的影响[J].作物学报,2017,43(3):420-431,12.基金项目
本研究由江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目(CX[12]1003-9),江苏省三新工程项目(SXGC[2015]325),国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0300503),扬州大学科技创新培育基金项目(2015CXJ042)和江苏省重点研发计划项目(BE2016344)资助.This work was financed by the Agricultural Science and Technology Independent Innovation Fund of Jiangsu Province (CX[12]1003-9), Three New Agriculture Project of Jiangsu Province (SXGC[2015]325), China Key Research and Development Programs (2016YFD0300503), Science and Technology Innovation Foundation Project of Yangzhou University (2015CXJ042), and Important Research and Development Programs of Jiangsu Province (BE2016344). （CX[12]1003-9）
