果树学报2017，Vol.34Issue(4)：519-521,3.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20150381
早熟油桃新品种‘中油13号’的选育
‘CN 13’, an early ripening nectarine cultivar
摘要
Abstract
‘CN 13’ comes from multi-generation crosses between Chinese landrace nectarine,introduced foreign nectarine and Chinese white peach cultivars.94-1-47,the female parent,is a middle-season,white-flesh,freestone nectarine with middle acid.‘CN 4’,the pollen donation,is an early season,yellowflesh nectarine with good flavor and keeping quality.The anthers from flowers of male parent were collected in bell stage and dried on clean paper in room.The corollas of female parent were removed in balloon stage in spring of 1999.Then,artificial pollination was followed and all the branches were bagged.Two weeks later,bags were removed.All the trees were managed as normal.In middle July,near maturing,all fruits from artificial pollination were harvested and cleaned in room.After that,the seeds were extracted under clean bench and stratified in temperature of 2-4 ℃ on 2 layer of moist filter paper in petri dishes.In December,when germinated,the seeds were potted in sterile nutrient media.The hybrid seedlings were cultured in greenhouse till transplanted to selective nursery in the next spring.In middle April of 2000,all the seedlings were planted with density of 1.0 m×4.0 m.Based on evaluation of main economic characters of fruits over 2 years,the seedling numbered ‘99-47-17’ was picked out for its' big round fruit,bright color,good eating quality,and stable high yield.It was named ‘CN 13’ in 2014 and licensed in 2016.The matured fruit is round and most of the white background covered by shining red.The fruit flesh is white,melting,juicy,which tasted sweet.Anthocyanin below skin is middle.The contents of soluble solid,total sugar and total acid in flesh juicy are 13.70％,10.92％ and 0.22％,respectively.The eating quality is very good.The stone is oval,brown and cling to the flesh.The flower is showy and the anther is dark red with much pollen.It is fertile and very fruitful.In Zhengzhou,middle China,the first flower of ‘CN 13’ comes into bloom mostly appears in late March and the flowering period can last 5-7 days.The fruit matures in late June,about 90 days after blooming.The tree is middle vigorous and semi-opening in canopy.The sprouting and branching ability are moderate.The new branches are green and dark-red on sunny side.The average internode length is about 1.97 cm.The leaf is green and lanceolate in shape with 2-4 reniform glands along the petiole.The flower is pink,showy with 5 petals.The tree of ‘CN 13’ is middle or strong vigorous.The flower buds normally appear from the Ft-3rd internode,even in the first year after planted.‘CN 13’ has strong early fruit ability.The yield of 3-years-old tree in middle density could reach over 22.5 tons per hm2.The middle length flower branches are suggested to leave for fruit.‘CN 13’ is fertile,so it is not necessary to bring in pollen donation.Previous testing is distributed mainly in the north China,more tests need to be done in south China.According to the soil fertile and local rainfall,select a suitable planting density.The V-shaping or quad-V shaping are recommended for the north and the south separately.For poor soil,base fertilizer is necessary before planted.In the beginning two years of planted,the shape pruning is the first priority so as to build a strong and manageable tree architecture.In full fruit period,stabilize the growth vigor in middle level through fertilizer and yield control.For the canopy,good light penetration is very important for the flower bud formation and fruit quality,so summer pruning must be done routinely to keep it free from water branch and let the lower and inner shoots get enough sun shine.关键词
油桃/新品种/‘中油13号’/早熟Key words
Nectarine/New cultivar/‘CN 13’/Early ripening分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
牛良,鲁振华,崔国朝,曾文芳,潘磊,王志强..早熟油桃新品种‘中油13号’的选育[J].果树学报,2017,34(4):519-521,3.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD02B03-2) （2013BAD02B03-2）
中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ZFRI) （CAAS-ASTIP-2016-ZFRI）
