河南农业科学2017，Vol.46Issue(1)：36-41,6.DOI:10.15933/j.cnki.1004-3268.2017.01.007
芝麻EMS诱变条件优化与突变体筛选
Optimization of EMS Mutagenesis Condition and Screening of Mutants in Sesame
摘要
Abstract
In order to clarify the effects of EMS concentration and treat duration on sesame mutation efficiency,seeds of sesame line 91-0 were immersed in EMS solution with various concentrations from 0.1％ to 2.0％ for 6-24 h.The results showed that the treatments with 0.1％ EMS for 24 h,0.5％EMS for 24 h,1.0％ EMS for 12 h and 1.5％ EMS for 6 h were appropriate for sesame mutagenesis.Under the above treatment conditions,the seed germination potential and the germination rate ranged from 53.13％ to 90.17％,the root length varied from 0.30 cm to 2.00 cm,the average vigor index varied from 18.53 to 131.00.To obtain abundant mutants,70 000 seeds of line 91-0 were treated under the optimal condition of 1.0％ EMS for 12 h during 2008-2010.As a result,22 855 mutated lines were harvested with the plant generation ratio of 32.65％.During the mutagenesis investigation,24 agronomic traits related to five groups of traits,i.e.leaf type,plant type,flower and fertility,capsule and seed characters and other physical traits for sesame were applied.Investigation results indicated that the mutation frequencies in M1 and M2 generation were 7.60％ and 2.78％,respectively.For M1 and M2 populations,flower and fertility were the top mutation trait type with the high ratios of 4.08％ and 0.93％,respectively.Further observation of 831 mutants randomly selected from the EMS mutant library reflected that 23.71％ mutants stably descented the mutation traits in the progenies.The top mutated trait of the mutation type was capsule and seed characters,occupying for 14.80％ of the total investigated lines.Morphological variation results predicted that the mutation frequency of line 91-0 reached 0.80％ under 1.0％ EMS for 12 h induction condition.关键词
芝麻/甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)/诱变/突变体库/频率Key words
sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)/ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS)/mutagenesis/mutant library/frequency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王慧丽,张海洋,马琴,魏利斌,琚铭,李春,段迎辉,苗红梅..芝麻EMS诱变条件优化与突变体筛选[J].河南农业科学,2017,46(1):36-41,6.基金项目
现代农业(芝麻)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-15) （芝麻）
国家自然科学基金项目(31301653,31471537) （31301653,31471537）
河南省科技创新人才计划项目(164200510001) （164200510001）
河南省重大科技专项(151100111200) （151100111200）
