气象2017，Vol.43Issue(2)：232-239,8.DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2017.02.011
人工与自动观测静风的差异分析与应用
Analysis and Application of Calm Records Between Manual and Automatic Observations
摘要
Abstract
In 2000,the Automatic Surface Observation System (ASOS)was set up by China Meteorological Administration (CMA),and several surface meteorological parameters started to be automatically meas-ured.Because of the difference between manual and automatic observations,the 2 min wind data from 2195 meteorological observation stations from 2000 to 2010 are compared to analyze the difference between the two observation methods.The discrepancy of frequency of calm condition between manual and auto-matic observations is calculated,and its reason is studied.Meanwhile,the application method of annual frequency of calm condition is explored.The results indicate that the national annual mean frequency of calm is 26.3% by manual observation and 10.0% by automatic observation.The greater the average wind speed,the lower the frequency of calm,the smaller the difference between the two kinds of observations. During the two-year comparative observation period in Hubei,the annual mean frequency of calm by manu-al observation in the 1st and 2nd years is 29.1% and 28.8% separately.However,the frequency of calm by automatic observation in 1st and 2nd years is 18.1% and 12.4% lower than manual observation.The difference of instruments and observation methods both create the deviation.Manual observation takes the rounded to integer way,and only when the wind speed is less than 0 .5 m·s-1 ,the manual observation re-cords calm.But because of the automatic equipment has higher precision,calm condition would be recorded when the wind speed is less than or equal to 0 .2 m·s-1 .The calm difference between automatic and manual observation in the 2nd year in Hubei is assessed.According to the artificial observation rules, and by reprocessing the automatic observation data to a manual dataset,the revised annual mean frequency of calm is 22 .8%,and its deviation from the average value by manual observation on the 2nd year is-6 .0%,obviously smaller than the average data of original automatic observation.关键词
自动观测/人工观测/静风观测差异Key words
automatic recording/manual observation/calm observation difference分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
严婧,王海军,程亚平,焦俊芳..人工与自动观测静风的差异分析与应用[J].气象,2017,43(2):232-239,8.基金项目
气象关键技术集成与应用(重点)项目(CMAGJ2014Z12)、公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106038)和湖北省气象局科技发展基金年轻科技人员专项(2016Q08)共同资助 （重点）
