心理学报2017，Vol.49Issue(1)：60-71,12.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2017.00060
被动性社交网站使用与自尊和自我概念清晰性:有调节的中介模型
Passive use of social network site and its relationships with self-esteem and self-concept clarity: A moderated mediation analysis
摘要
Abstract
Activities on social network site can be classified into two maintypes:active use and passive use.Previous studies revealed that active use of social network site,such as self-presentation and self-disclosure,could enhance social capital,self-esteem and life satisfaction,as well as reduce loneliness.On the contrary,passive use of social network site could exert adverse effects on emotional well-being and life satisfaction,and might lead to depression.However,little is known about the effect of passive use of social network site on self-concept,in particular,effects on self-esteem and self-concept clarity.Passive use of social network site exposes individuals to a lot of positive information of others,which may result in upward social comparison.Upward social comparison in turn negatively impacts individuals' self-esteem and self-concept clarity.But individuals are not equally influenced by upward social comparison.Optimism,as an important personality trait,may impact the way individuals process information of upward social comparison and thus alleviates the negative effects of upward social comparison.Therefore,the present study aimed to examine the mediating roles of upward social comparison in the effects of passive use of social network site on self-esteem and self-concept clarity.The study would also test whether the mediating effects of upward social comparison would be moderated by optimism.A sample of 1208 undergraduate students (mean age =19.86;SD =1.26) were recruited for the study to complete a battery of self-report questionnaires measuring their passive use of social network site,upward social comparison on social network site,self-esteem,self-concept clarity and optimism.All the measures showed good reliability and validity in the present study.Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and SPSS macro PROCESS which was specifically developed for assessing the complex models including both mediators and moderators with the bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap method.The results were as followings:(1) After controlling for gender,grade and mean time of social network site use per day,passive use of social network site had no significant direct effect on self-esteem.But it could negatively predict self-esteem through the mediation of upward social comparison.(2) Passive use of social network site had significant effect on self-concept clarity,and could also negatively predict self-concept clarity through upward social comparison.(3) The mediating effects of upward social comparison in the association between passive use of social network site and self-esteem and between passive use of social network site and self-concept clarity were both moderated by optimism.The indirect effects were stronger for individuals with a low level of optimism.(4) For individuals with a high level of optimism,the direct effect of upward social comparison on self-esteem and the mediating effect of upward social comparison in the association between passive use of social network site and self-esteem were not statistically significant.But the direct effect of upward social comparison on self-concept clarity and the mediating effect of upward social comparison in the association between passive use of social network site and self-concept clarity were both significant.The present study highlights the mediating effect of upward social comparison and the moderating effect of optimism in the effect of passive use of social network site on self-esteem and self-concept clarity.It may contribute to a better understanding of the effects,mechanisms,and the conditions of passive use of social network site on self-esteem and self-concept clarity.关键词
被动性社交网站使用/上行社会比较/自尊/自我概念清晰性/乐观Key words
passive use of social network site/upward social comparison/self-esteem/self-concept clarity/optimism分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
刘庆奇,牛更枫,范翠英,周宗奎..被动性社交网站使用与自尊和自我概念清晰性:有调节的中介模型[J].心理学报,2017,49(1):60-71,12.基金项目
国家社科基金重大项目(11&ZD151)、教育部人文社科研究规划基金项目(15YJA190001)、华中师范大学中央高校基本科研业务费重大培育项目(CCNU14Z02004)和北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心自主课题(2016-04-003-BZK01)资助. （11&ZD151）
