中国人口·资源与环境2017，Vol.27Issue(1)：155-161,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2104.2017.01.018
生态中心论之后现代视域的辨析
Analysis of the post-modern view of ecocentrism
摘要
Abstract
As the representative of ecocentrism of contemporary environmental ethics,J.Baird Callicott demonstrates a post-modem,holistic worldview from the perspectives of the new physics and ecology.This idea points to the holistic systemic paradigm,which has four features:①the properties of a whole cannot be reducible to the properties of the parts;②a whole exerts causation on its parts;③ the parts are systemically related;and (④ the parts are internally related,i.e.they are what they are because of their relationships.Based on this holistic systemic paradigm,Callicott's post-modern view involves both ontology and axiology.At the ontological level,Callicott applies the notion of'the Self fully realized'to destructing Descartes' s object-subject dichotomy.Further,upon weakening the distinctions among three natural properties (quantitative,qualitative,and axiological) in modem philosophy,Callicott proposes a new concept called'virtual value',under which he claims to dissolve intrinsic value and to encompass both inherent value and instrumental value.Based upon text aralysis,it also investigates the logical reason and practical possibility of Callicott's post-modern view.Specifically,it demonstrates that ①Callicott's idea of constructing metaphysical noumenon by positive sciences is confusion about different connotations of scientific and metaphysical statements;②by dissolving three natural properties'virtual value'inevitably annihilates the'ought'force of a value;③Callicott's emphasis on the part-whole antagonism will lead to a logical parade;and ④ Callicott's deconstruction of entities by relations reveals that he believes that all relations are internal relations only,but this understanding is lack of support.In particular,Callicott's approach,i.e.to resolve a part by the whole and to deconstruct an individual by relations,will fall into ethical nihilism.Against the defects of Callicott's theory,it points out that the parts and whole,linked by relations,are two aspects of one union;the relations among entities include both internal and external relations;further,the externality of relations involves both'is' and'ought'dimensions,i.e.it is a necessary prerequisite for moral practice.关键词
环境伦理/克里考特/整体论的/实质价值/关系Key words
environmental ethic/Callicott/holistic/virtual value/relation分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
孙亚君..生态中心论之后现代视域的辨析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(1):155-161,7.基金项目
国家社会科学基金青年项目“应对生物入侵的环境伦理研究”(批准号:15CZX058). （批准号:15CZX058）
