中国水产科学2017，Vol.24Issue(1)：73-81,9.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2017.16080
美洲鲥仔稚鱼脊柱及附肢骨骼系统的早期发育
Early development of the vertebral column and appendicular skeleton of Alosa sapidissima
摘要
Abstract
Alosa sapidissima is a fish that migrates to spawn,displays rapid growth and high economic value,and is a good substitute food for Tenualosa reevesii.Some studies have reported skeletal development of Clupea pallasii,Opisthonema oglinum,Engraulis japonicus,Sardinops melanostictus,and Coilia nasus in detail,but not that ofA.sapidissima.In this study,development of the vertebral column and pectoral and caudal fins ofA.sapidissima larvae (1-51 days post hatching [dph]) is described using a cartilage and bone clearing and staining technique.The results show that the vertebral column started to develop from hemal arches,neural arches,and hypurals at 10 dph.The neural and hemal arches extended to the neural and hemal spines at 16 dph,respectively.Segmental bone rings formed at 19 dph,and the vertebral column was completely ossified by 23 dph.The appendicular skeleton developed in sequence from the pectoral,caudal,dorsal,and anal to ventral fins.Development of the pectoral fins started when the coracoid appeared at 2 dph.Cartilage of the appendicular pectoral fins formed at 13 dph,and the pectoral girdle and cleithrum ossified by 19 dph.The caudal fin began to develop when the hypurals appeared at 5 dph,and two sections of the epural,one section of the urostyle,and six sections of the hypurals formed at 12 dph.The caudal vertebra and caudal fin began to ossify 19 dph and were completed by 23 dph.The dorsal and anal fins ultimately developed 18 and 22 fins,respectively.The order of development of the A.sapidissima appendicular skeleton was the same as that of other fish.The appendicular skeleton,hemal arches,hemal spines,neural arches,neural spines,dorsal ribs,and ventral ribs had cartilage ossification stages.The vertebra and supracleithrum were formed directly from the periosteum,as cartilage staining had no effect on vertebra or the cletthrum.Developmental deformities were detected in trunk vertebra,but the rate was lower than that observed in C.nasus.Some caudal vertebrae grew abnormally during the trial.Early exercise had an effect on deformity of longer caudal vertebrae.However,caudal vertebrae lacked protection from forks in the neural arch and ventral ribs.Abnormal growth may have occurred due to nutrition,water quality,or other factors.Studying the early development of the vertebral column and pectoral and caudal fins ofA.sapidissima is important to understand functional adaptation during early development,environmental optimization,and to classify and identify fish.关键词
美洲鲥/仔稚鱼/脊柱/附肢骨骼/胸鳍/尾鳍/骨骼染色Key words
Alosa sapidissima/larvae/vertebral column/appendicular skeleton/pectoral fin/caudal fin/skeletal staining分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
邓平平,施永海,徐嘉波,严银龙,谢永德,刘永士,张宗锋..美洲鲥仔稚鱼脊柱及附肢骨骼系统的早期发育[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(1):73-81,9.基金项目
上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2014)第7-1-9号] （2014）
上海市科学技术委员会重点公关项目(16391900400). （16391900400）
