中国水产科学2017，Vol.24Issue(1)：136-145,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2017.16116
子二代中华鲟分枝杆菌感染及血液生理生化指标的变化
Mycobacteriosis in cultured F2 generation Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis) and relevant blood physiological and biochemical indices
摘要
Abstract
Chinese sturgeon,Acipenser sinensis,is an ancient and large anadromous fish in the family Acipenseridae (Acipenseriformes,Actinopterygii) and has been classified as Critically Endangered on the IUCN.Hydroelectric dam construction,including the Gezhouba Dam and the Three Gorges Dam on the upper Yangtze River has resulted in a sharp decline in the wild populations of A.sinensis,indicating that cultured stocks may serve as the only source for species conservation.Many rehabilitation efforts,as well as controlled reproduction,have been undertaken to prevent this endangered species from becoming extinct.However,Chinese sturgeons in captivity are exposed to a range of stressors,including variable temperatures and water quality and potential pathogens.Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) causes cutaneous lesions and spreads to internal organs via the circulatory or lymphatic systems.In this study,a cultured F2 generation of Chinese sturgeon was infected with NTM,and developed typical symptoms of ascites,peritoneal granulomas,kidney edema,and a grey white liver.An acid-fast Bacillus was obtained in the ascites and had the closest similarity with Mycobacterium liflandii identified by 16S rDNA and IS2404 sequence analyses.Nine blood indices were significantly different between ten healthy and four NTM-infected FE Chinese sturgeon (P＜0.05).Total white blood cell count,neutrophils,and alanine aminotransferase levels were significantly elevated but the other indices decreased significantly,including lymphocytes,sodium,chlorine,calcium,total protein,and globulin,suggesting that the liver and kidney were badly damaged by NTM.An infected F2 Chinese sturgeon with serious ascites was treated for 75 days with a combination of rifampicin,erythromycin,and amikacin.The ascites decreased significantly early in the treatment,and five blood indices increased significantly (P＜0.05),including red blood cell count,hemoglobin,packed cell volume,mean corpuscular volume,and globulin,indicating that the antibiotics were effective.However,fish condition deteriorated over time and they were eventually euthanized.These results show that mycobacteriosis is a widespread and extremely harmful zoonosis of Chinese sturgeon.It is essential to promote research on a vaccine,drug susceptibility of isolated strains,medication dosing,and side effects in Chinese sturgeon to reduce endangering the health of the population.Furthermore,early supervision and diagnosis of this disease is required.We detected mycobacteria in the skin mucus of all infected Chinese sturgeon and in apparently normal individuals,indicating that sampling skin mucus is a good indicator of the distribution of the pathogen.Additionally,the isolated strain was found in water where infected Chinese sturgeon were held;therefore,it is important to monitor mycobacteria in water and in the fish population.How and where the Chinese sturgeon became infected with mycobacteria remain unknown.Further monitoring studies are necessary to evaluate the pathogenic potential of this strain in China for susceptible and receptive fish hosts and for mammals.This information will be useful to predict future epidemics and to implement adequate preventive and control measures.关键词
中华鲟/人工养殖/分枝杆菌/血液生理生化指标/药物治疗Key words
Acipenser sinensis/F2 generation/mycobacteria/blood physiological and biochemical indices/drug therapy分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张书环,曾令兵,危起伟,聂品,舒少武,杜浩,Foo Khong Lee,杨月梅,邵纯,邸军,黄君..子二代中华鲟分枝杆菌感染及血液生理生化指标的变化[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(1):136-145,10.基金项目
中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2015JBFM27) （2015JBFM27）
中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室开放课题(2016FB16) （2016FB16）
国家973计划项目(2015CB-150700). （2015CB-150700）
