湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）2017，Vol.43Issue(2)：117-124,8.DOI:10.13331/j.cnki.jhau.2017.02.001
栽插方式和施钾量对杂交籼稻叶源特征及 干物质积累与转运的影响
Effects of transplanting methods and potassium rates on leaf character and dry matter accumulation and translocation of hybrid–rice
摘要
Abstract
Hybrid rice 'F you 498' was used to study the effects of planting patterns (mechanical transplanting and manual transplanting) and potassium application rates (0, 60, 120, 180, 240 kg/hm2) on leaf characteristic, dry matter accumulation and translocation, grain yield. The results showed that, compared to manual transplanting,SPADvalues of flag leaf and top second leaf of mechanical transplanting were lower after heading stage, however they changed relatively steady. The leaf area index(LAI) of mechanical transplanting was higher than that of manual transplanting at full heading stage. However, the descend range of net photosynthetic rate of flag leaf during 10th day to 20th day after heading stage was greater in mechanical transplanting. Compared with the treatment of non potassium fertilizer, applying potassium fertilizer could stabilizeSPAD value of flag leaf after heading stage and the net photosynthetic rate after full heading stage. LAI of mechanical transplanting and manual transplanting increased with the increase of potassium application rate at first, then showed a downward trend. The largest LAI of mechanical transplanting and manual transplanting was obtained in potassium application rates were 180 kg/hm2 and 120 kg/hm2, respectively. With the increase of potassium application rate, the dry matter weight at different stages increased at first and then decreased. The mechanical transplanting had more advantage than manual transplanting in dry matter accumulation before jointing stage while that was contrary after full heading stage. Moreover, too high or too low potassium application rate was not conducive to dry matter transportation of stem–sheath and leaf in the later period of rice. The yield of manual transplanting (12517.1 kg/hm2) was 3.21% more than that of mechanical transplanting (12128.3 kg/hm2) due to the more spikelets per panicle and the greater sink size (total spikelets). An appropriate K could effectively enhanced 1000–grain weight and seed–set rate and yield of the rice with mechanical transplanting. Under this experimental condition, the effect of potassium fertilizer on yield of the rice with manual transplanting was not significant. The optimal K application rate is 120 kg/hm2 for the mechanical transplanting.关键词
杂交籼稻/机插/手插/施钾量/叶源特征/干物质积累与转运Key words
hybrid rice/manual transplanting/mechanical transplanting/potassium application rate/leaf character/dry matter accumulation and translocation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
孙加威,李娜,王春雨,张绍文,蒋明金,赵建红,孙永健,马均..栽插方式和施钾量对杂交籼稻叶源特征及 干物质积累与转运的影响[J].湖南农业大学学报（自然科学版）,2017,43(2):117-124,8.基金项目
国家"十二·五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B05,2012BAD04B13,2013BAD07B13) （2011BAD16B05,2012BAD04B13,2013BAD07B13）
四川省科技支撑计划项目(2014NZ0041, 2014NZ0047) （2014NZ0041, 2014NZ0047）
