山东农业科学2017，Vol.49Issue(1)：38-47,10.DOI:10.14083/j.issn.1001-4942.2017.1.008
增密与施氮对不同耐密型玉米产量及籽粒灌浆特性的影响
Effects of Increasing Density and Nitrogen Application Rate on Yield and Grain-Filling Characteristics of Different Density-Tolerance Maize Hybrids
摘要
Abstract
Two summer maize cultivars,density-resistant hybrid Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) and non-density-resistant hybrid Ludan 981 (LD981),were used as experiment materials to study the effects of different planting densities (52 500,82 500 plant/hm2) and nitrogen rates (0,90,180,270,360 kg/hm2) on yield,yield components and grain-filling characteristics.The results showed that,when the planting density was 82 500 plants per hectare,the grain yield increased with the increase of nitrogen rate,and it had no significant differences between 270 kg/hm2 and 360 kg/hm2.When the planting density was 52 500 plants per hectare,the grain yield increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of nitrogen rate,and reached the maximum when the nitrogen rate was 270 kg/hm2,but there were no significant differences between 180,270 kg/hm2 and 360 kg/hm2.After increasing the planting density,the yield of LD981 had no significant increase.For the two hybrids,increasing the planting density could significantly reduce the maximum grain filling rate and the increment of maximum grain filling rate;shorten the grain filling period;decrease the grain weight,transshipment ratio of dry matter from nutritive organs to grains,kernels per ear and weight of 1 000 kerenls;and increase the barren plant rate.The increase of nitrogen rate could improve the maximum grain filling rate,the increment of maximum grain filling rate and the active grain filling period;increase the grain weight in the order of N0 ＜ N1 ＜ N2 ＜ N3 ＜ N4;but compared with that of low density,the grain weight was still significantly decreased.The effects of density on grain filling characteristics were more significant than those of N application rate.Compared with ZD 958,the increment of maximum grain filling rate of LD981 significantly reduced,the active grain filling period significantly shortened,and the barren plant rate significantly rose,which resulted in no increase production with increasing density.Comprehensively considering the grain yield and characteristic parameters of grain-filling,the most optimal plant density and nitrogen rate of Zhengdan 958 are 82 500 plants per hectare and 270 kg/hm2,and those of Ludan 981 are 52 500 plants per hectare and 180 kg/hm2.关键词
种植密度/施氮量/耐密型/玉米/灌浆特性Key words
Maize/Planting density/Nitrogen application rate/Density tolerance/Grain-filling characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘娟,董树亭,刘鹏,张吉旺,赵斌..增密与施氮对不同耐密型玉米产量及籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J].山东农业科学,2017,49(1):38-47,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(3117149) （3117149）
国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203096) （农业）
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-02-20) （CARS-02-20）
国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”计划)项目(2011CB100105) （“973”计划）
国家粮食丰产科技工程项目(2011BAD1609) （2011BAD1609）
山东省良种工程重大课题[鲁科农字(2011)186号] （2011）
