水生态学杂志2017，Vol.38Issue(2)：70-75,6.
采样方法对北塘河口浮游生物多样性分析的影响
Influence of Sampling Method on the Analysis of Plankton Biodiversity in Beitang Estuary
摘要
Abstract
Biodiversity indices have been used for decades to analyze the stability of communities and assess environmental conditions.Studies, while limited, have shown that survey results of biological diversity are affected by the method used for sampling.Plankton is an important aspect of ecological research and the two conventional devices for plankton sampling are the plankton net and water sampler, but few reports are available about the effect of sampling method on plankton diversity measurements.In late June 2014, we carried out plankton surveys using the two sampling methods in Beitang estuary (117.81°E, 39.07°N) in the Tianjin sea area of northern China.The goals were to compare the effects of these two conventional sampling methods on the results of plankton diversity measurements and to provide a reference for ecological evaluation.Phytoplankton and zooplankton samples were collected, using plankton nets (type II for zooplankton and type III for phytoplankton) and water samplers, at the same location and time.The plankton samples were immediately fixed with formaldehyde in situ and later counted in the laboratory.A total of 34 phytoplankton species were identified, dominated by diatoms.Each method collected 26 phytoplankton species, with the 18 species in common accounting for 52.9% of the total species.A total of 17 zooplankton species were collected, dominated by Copepods.Sixteen zooplankton species collected by plankton net and 11 species by water sample, with the 10 species in common accounting for 58.8% of the total species.In addition to the number of species (S) and abundance, eight biological indices, including three taxonomic distinctness indices and five traditional diversity indices (Margalef richness, Pielou evenness, Shannon diversity, Simpson index and dominance) were compared in this study.Results show that the biodiversity indices and the plankton abundance are both influenced by sampling method.When a plankton net was used for phytoplankton sampling, the number of species and the Margalef richness, Pielou evenness, Shannon, and Simpson indices gave higher values, whereas the dominance and the taxonomic distinctness indices were lower.When a water sampler was used to collect zooplankton samples, the abundance and the Shannon, Pielou evenness, Simpson indices and the taxonomic distinctness (Δ) were higher, and the other indices were lower than the results obtained with the plankton net.Statistical analysis (T-test) shows that differences resulting from the two sampling methods were significant for species number and Margalef richness index, but not for the other indices.Therefore, the effect of sampling method should be considered when using biodiversity indices to assess water quality and evaluate ecological conditions.关键词
取样方法/生物多样性/浮游植物/浮游动物/北塘河口Key words
sampling method/biodiversity/phytoplankton/zooplankton/Beitang Estuary分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
张青田,张桉途,史江江,陈盛,胡桂坤..采样方法对北塘河口浮游生物多样性分析的影响[J].水生态学杂志,2017,38(2):70-75,6.基金项目
天津市自然科学基金(16JCYBJC22800) （16JCYBJC22800）
国家海洋局近岸海域生态环境重点实验室基金(201302) （201302）
天津市高等学校科技发展基金计划(20120524). （20120524）
