应用生态学报2017，Vol.28Issue(4)：1219-1226,8.DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201704.010
氮肥水平对不同基因型水稻氮素利用率、产量和品质的影响
Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield and quality of different rice varieties
摘要
Abstract
To provide scientific basis for reasonable application of nitrogen and create varieties with high N use-efficiency,an experiment was carried out to study the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on grain yield,N use rate and quality of different rice varieties.Four different genotypic rice varieties,Nipponbare,N70,N178 and OM052 were used as tested material and three levels of nitrogen application rate (0,120,270 kg · hm-2) were conducted.Urea as nitrogen source was applied as basal (70％) and panicle (30％) fertilizer.The results showed that nitrogen fertilizer could raise yield mainly because of the increased effective panicles and filled grains per panicle.When the N application rate was 120 and 270 kg · hm-2,OM052 had the largest grain yield among four varieties,being 41.1％ and 76.8％ higher,respectively compared with control.Difference in grain yield among four varieties was due to the difference of nitrogen use efficiency.Under 120 and 270kg· hm-2 nitrogen levels,Nipponbare had the lowest grain yield and N agronomic efficiency (NAE,40.90 g · g-1 and 18.56 g · g-1),which was a variety with low N use-efficiency.On the contrary,OM052 had the highest grain yield and NAE (145.9 g · g-1and 81.24 g · g-1),was a variety with high N use-efficiency.N fertilizer application increased the amylose content and protein content,lengthened gel consistency,reduced chalky kernel,chalkiness,and alkali digestion value.With the increase of N fertilizer application,hot paste viscosity,peak viscosity,consistence viscosity and breakdown viscosity were decreased gradually,and setback viscosity was increased.Correlation analysis showed that the yield and yield components had more significant correlations with appearance quality,cooking and eating quality under low N level.This study confirmed that OM052 was a double high variety with extremely high N agronomic efficiency and yield.Reasonable application of nitrogen fertilizer could significantly increase effective panicles and filled grains per panicle,improve rice quality,and ensure high yield and superior quality simultaneously.关键词
水稻/氮肥/产量/氮肥利用效率/品质Key words
rice/nitrogen fertilizer/yield/nitrogen use efficiency/quality引用本文复制引用
从夕汉,施伏芝,阮新民,罗玉祥,马廷臣,罗志祥..氮肥水平对不同基因型水稻氮素利用率、产量和品质的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(4):1219-1226,8.基金项目
本文由安徽省自然科学基金项目(1608085QC67)、安徽省科技攻关计划项目(1604a0702008)、安徽省农业科学院院长青年创新基金项目(16B0102)、安徽省农业科学院学科建设项目(16A0101)和安徽省农业科学院种子工程项目(17D0101)资助 This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1608085QC67),the Science and Technology Key Research Project of Anhui Province(1604a0702008),the Innovative Fund for Young Scholars of President of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences(16B0102),the Subject Construction Project of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences(16A0101),and the Seed Engineering Project of Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences(17D0101). （1608085QC67）
