摘要
Abstract
Objective The present study examined the prevalent trends in overweight and obesity among school-age children and adolescents over the past 29 years(1985-2014)in Shanghai.Methods Data for this study were obtained from six cross-sectional surveys(1985,1995,2000,2005,2010 and 2014)of school children in Shanghai.The sample sizes were 14 677,7 916,15 270,7 492,14 301,15 423,respectively.It was adopted that body mass index(BMI)percentile criteria of Working Group on Obesity in China(WGOC)for screening overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents,analysis of the survey data of students' physical and health of 1985-2014 in 7-18 boys and grils in the prevalence of overweight and obesity and the average growth rate.International comparison was based on the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention(CDC)BMI-for-age growth charts.Results General survey of 6 districts of Shanghai city was based on the sample size,in 10 years(1985,1995,2005 and 2014)for a period of time,with the increase of age,the students(7 to 18 years old)BMI P50 percentile increased year by year,the overall increase was more obvious in boys than girls,the mean of BMI showed an upward trend in different age groups and was higher in boys than girls.The overall trend of Shanghai and the all nation in 2014,BMI P50 of male and female students of Shanghai were higher than the national level,P85 and P95 of male and female students were coincidence with national level before 11 and 12 years old,then higher than the national level.From 1985 to 2014,the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity among male and female students in Shanghai from 7 to 18 years old showed an upward trend,Compared with 1985,the boys prevalence rate of overweight increased 11 times(19.3%vs 1.7％),the prevalence of obesity increased 29 times(11.7％vs 0.4％),the average growth rate was 12.3％;the girls prevalence rate of overweight increased 7 times(11.6％vs 1.5％),the prevalence of obesity increased 31 times(6.4％vs 0.2％),the average growth rate was 12.7％.The boys prevalence rate of overweight was between 14.3％and 26.9％,the prevalence rate of obesity was between 7.3％and 17.0％,among all age groups,and the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity reached the highest at 11 years old.Among all age groups the girls prevalence rate of overweight was between 8.6％and 14.0％,the prevalence rate of obesity was between 2.8％-11.2％,and the prevalence rate of overweight and obesity was the highest at 7 years old.There was gender difference in prevalence rate of overweight and obesity,boys were higher than girls.Conclusion The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in Shanghai increased rapidly between 1985 and 2014.The prevalence of overweight in boys with low age was more serious,and it was at the international high level.It is recommended to increase the relevant evidence,to develop targeted prevention and control measures.关键词
体重指数/儿童青少年/超重/肥胖/检出率Key words
Body mass index/Children and adolescents/Overweight/Obesity/Prevalence
