农业工程学报2017，Vol.33Issue(8)：183-190,8.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.08.025
分隔式循环水池塘养殖系统设计与试验
Design and experiment of partitioned recirculating aquaculture pond system
摘要
Abstract
Pond aquaculture plays a very important role in China's aquaculture industry and is the main source of aquatic product supply. To improve the effect of pond aquaculture, a partitioned recirculating aquaculture pond system (PRAPS) was designed and built based on the characteristics of pond aquaculture in freshwater, which consisted of feeding fish culture zone (20% of water surface) and filter-feeding fish culture zone (80% of water surface). The structure of facilities and equipment of PRAPS was optimized by setting up the overflow weir, propeller flow device, paddlewheel device, and pollutant absorption and collecting device. Tests on the mechanical properties revealed that both propeller flow device and paddlewheel device could achieve the design demand; the energy efficiency of the propeller flow device was about 340 m3/(kW·h), the flow rate was around 204 m3/h, and the no-load running noise was 60 dB; the energy efficiency of the paddlewheel device was about 360 m3/(kW·h), the flow rate was around 180 m3/h, and the no-load running noise was 67 dB; the total flow rate of the overflow weir was about 331 m3/h. The exchange capacity was totally about 7900 m3/day, accounting for about 50% of the pond water capacity. Additionally, the system could reduce the total energy consumption and farming pollution and effectively improve the pond aquaculture ecological effect, which met the production requirement of energy saving and environmental protection. It was conducive to improve the water quality of the pond though the impeller disturbed the water. The pollutant could be gathered into the middle of bottom by the collecting device, and removed out of system by the pollutant absorption device, in which way the transparency of water was improved, and the content of TN (total nitrogen) and TP (total phosphorus) in the system was decreased. The propeller flow device and paddlewheel impeller stirring water could realize water convection in large scale, so the water was exposed to sunshine and air, which could increase the dissolved oxygen in the water. Tests showed that the dissolved oxygen of the middle and lower layer in the test pond was 59.5% higher than the control pond; the content of TN in the test pond was 21.4% lower than the control pond; the content of TP was 53.1% lower than the control pond; the chlorophyll a concentration in the test pond was lower than the control pond. Because the breeding density in the test pond was higher than the control pond, the content of ammonia nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen in the system was increased. Overall the water quality in the test pond was better than the control pond. For the PRAPS, the one-time investment was big at the beginning and it needed professional and technical personnel to maintain, while the PRAPS had a high economic efficiency. The yield of bream in the test pond was 10280 kg, and the food coefficient was 1.7; the yield of bream in the control pond was 8488 kg, and the food coefficient was 2.1. The result showed that the yield of bream increased by 21.1% using the PRAPS, the feed coefficient decreased by more than 23.5%, and the annual output value increased by 6%. The result provides the reference for the model establishment of healthy breeding pond system, which is helpful to make PRAPS become a more mature and reliable novel pond aquaculture system.关键词
渔业/水产养殖/水质/分隔/循环水/过水堰/池塘养殖Key words
fisheries/aquaculture/water quality/partition/recirculating/overflow weir/pond culture分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
田昌凤,刘兴国,车轩,顾兆俊,曾宪磊,朱浩,杨家朋..分隔式循环水池塘养殖系统设计与试验[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(8):183-190,8.基金项目
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(CARS-46) （CARS-46）
节水高效全循环池塘养殖关键技术合作研究(2015-Z16) （2015-Z16）
